Chapter B5- Communicable diseases

Question 1

communicable disease

Answer 1

disease caused by pathogens that can be passed from one organism to another

Question 2

pathogens

Answer 2

microorganisms that cause disease

Question 3

non-communicable diseases

Answer 3

not infectious and cannot be passed from one organism to another

Question 4

mutation

Answer 4

change in the genetic material of an organism

Question 5

binary fission

Answer 5

reproduction by simple cell division, for example in bacteria

Question 6

culture medium

Answer 6

a liquid or gel used to support the growth of microorganisms or other cultures, often containing specific nutrients

Question 7

agar gel

Answer 7

widely used solid (gel) culture medium used for growing micro-organisms

Question 8

vaccines

Answer 8

dead or inactive pathogenic material used in vaccination to develop immunity to a disease in a healthy person

Question 9

sexually transmitted disease

Answer 9

transmitted from an infected person to an uninfected person by unprotected sexual contact

Question 10

aphids

Answer 10

insects that penetrate plants phloem and feed on the dissolved food.
they act as plant pathogens and also vectors that carry pathogenic viruses, bacteria, and fungi into healthy plant tissue

Question 11

chlorosis

Answer 11

yellowing seen on the leaves of plants when they cannot make chlorophyll due to lack of magnesium ions

Question 12

factors causing ill health

Answer 12

• pathogens
• flu
• poor diet
• starvation
• stress
• mental health problems

Question 13

method of transmission from direct contact, ex of disease

Answer 13

• direct physical contact - chicken pox
• sexual intercourse - HIV
• mother to foetus through placenta - rubella

Question 14

method of transmission from indirect contact, ex of disease

Answer 14

• contaminated food or drink - salmonella
• sharp objects - tetanus
• droplet infection - influenza
• vectors - malaria

Question 15

example of disease transmitted by water

Answer 15

rose blackspot

Question 16

three ways white blood cells destroy pathogens

Answer 16

• phagocytosis
• antibody production
• producing antitoxins

Question 17

factors that can affect the transmission of a disease transmitted by direct physical contact

Answer 17

• hygiene
• cleaning and disinfecting wounds
• sterilising surgical instruments

Question 18

factors that can affect the transmission of a disease transmitted by sexual intercourse

Answer 18

condoms

Question 19

factors that can affect the transmission of a disease transmitted by contaminated food or drink

Answer 19

• treatment of drinking water and waste water

- fresh food washed and prepared carefully

Question 20

factors that can affect the transmission of a disease transmitted by droplet infection

Answer 20

• catch it - bin it - kill it

- covering mouth and using disposable tissues when coughing or sneezing

Question 21

factors that can affect the transmission of a disease transmitted by vectors

Answer 21

use of mosquito nets, spraying insecticides

Question 22

factors that can affect the transmission of a disease transmitted by water

Answer 22

fungal spores carried in splashes of water often spread plant diseases

Question 23

three viral diseases

Answer 23

• measles
• HIV/AIDS
• tobacco mosaic virus

Question 24

three bacterial diseases

Answer 24

• salmonella
• gonorrhoea
• bacterial disease in plants

Question 25

two fungi diseases

Answer 25

• athlete’s foot

- rose black spot

Question 26

protists disease

Answer 26

malaria