Chapter 91- Oil Burners For Heating Boilers Flashcards
Oil burners can be sub divided into three classes
Air and steam atomizing burners
Mechanical or pressure atomizing burners
Centrifugal or rotary cup burners
Air atomizing oil burner is composed of four parts
Nozzle body
Spring
Swirler
Tip
Air atomizing oil burner requires a
Air compressor
Do most industrial boilers use air or steam
Steam
Why do industrial burners use steam
Because it has more inherent latent heat
An air atomizing oil burner may be regulated by
By changing the amount of fuel delivered to the burner by throttling the air supply
Mechanical atomizing burners have the advantage
Of having constant capacity
Mechanical atomizing oil burners are made of four parts
Tip
Disc
Locknut
Strainer
In a mechanical atomizing oil burner if fuel is running under full capacity it must be
Shut off
In a constant capacity mechanical atomizing oil burner at what Kpa is the oil supplied to the burner tip?
700 Kpa
What gives the oil a swirling motion in a mechanical atomizing oil burner?
The radial slots
In a mechanical atomizing oil burner what auxiliary parts typically come with it?(5)
Oil pump Fan Electric motor drive Ignition transformer Igniter
What is the principle difference between a constant capacity atomizing oil burner and a modulating capacity mechanical atomizing oil burner?
In a modulating capacity mechanical oil burner the rate of fuel can be adjusted to meet current il demands. Where as the constant capacity mechanical atomizing oil burner must remain at the same fuel pressure
How does a modulating capacity mechanical atomizing oil burner control its fuel flow?
By bleeding off part of the oil from the swirling chamber through a channel in the disc and barrel back to the fuel tank
What temperature must heavy oil be preheated to in order to burn
95 degrees Celsius
In many packaged fire tube boilers oil burners are equipped that can be operated at either a low or high firing rate. How do they work
There are a cluster of nozzles are arranged to meet the demand
For example if there are three nozzles, one remains open as the pilot flame and the other two are ignited by said pilot flame when demand requires it
What is the average rpm of a rotary cup oil burner?
3500 r/min
What typically drives the rotary cup of a rotary cup oil burner?
And electric motor
How does a rotary cup oil burner work?
Centrifugal force forces the oil to the sides of the cup where it is emitted as a fine spray
What is the maximum allowable lift that can be imposed on a fuel oil pump?
4 meters
What are the two sub divisions of fuel oil pump?
Single stage and two stage
What must the fuel oil pump and supplying piping be installed to avoid?
Air locks
Air locks are bad
Don’t trust them
What does an electric ignition do?
Ignites fuel with a very hot spark
What is the voltage required for a typical electric ignition?
120 volts-10,000 - 12,000 volts
What will delayed ignition cause?
Puff back due to the buildup of gas in the ignition area
What the fuck is puffback
Puffback is a small explosion caused by a build up of fuel gases due to incomplete combustion or delayed ignition
Now what the fuck is a solenoid valve
Solenoid valves are used in fuel oil supply systems to start and stop the flow of fuel to the burners
What’s the purpose of a fuel oil filter
The remove dirt and debris from the fuel oil
What are the three main parts of an oil filter
Cast iron top with inlet and outlet openings and vent screw
Filter cartridge made of layers of wool felt
Steel cap which encloses the cartridge
Now what the hell is a cutoff/ pressure relief valve?
Prevents fuel oil from entering the fuel nozzle at too high of a pressure so a spring loaded device relieves fuel oil pressure and sends it back to the fuel oil tank
Air atomizing compressors are ussually
The positive displacement type
