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Anatomy & Physiology > Chapter 9 Urinary System- Pathology > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Urinary System- Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Branch of medicine involved in diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of urinary system. Urologist

A

Urology

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2
Q

Complete suppression of urine formed by kidneys and a complete lack of urine excretion

A

Anuria

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3
Q

Accumulation of nitrogenous waste in bloodstream. Occurs when kidney fails to filter these wastes from blood

A

Azotemia

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4
Q

Presence of bacteria in the urine

A

Bacteriuria

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5
Q

Stone formed within an organ by an accumulation of mineral salts. Caculi

A

Calculus

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6
Q

Urinary bladder pain

A

Cystalgia

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7
Q

Bladder stone

A

Cystolith

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8
Q

Profuse bleeding from urinary bladder

A

Cystorrhagia

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9
Q

Increased formation and exertion of urine

A

Diuresis

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10
Q

Difficult of painful urination

A

Dysuria

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11
Q

Involuntary discharge of urine after the age by which bladder control should have been established. Usually occurs at the age of 5. Nocturnal enuresis refers to bed-wetting at night

A

Enuresis

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12
Q

Greater than normal occurrence in the urge to urinate, w/o an increase in the total daily volume of urine.

A

Frequency

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13
Q

Presence of sugar in urine

A

Glycosuria

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14
Q

Presence of blood in urine

A

Hematuria

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15
Q

Decrease in the force of urine in stream, often with difficulty initiating the flow. Often a symptom of a blockage along urethra, such as an enlarged prostate gland

A

Hesitancy

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16
Q

Presence of ketones in urine. Occurs when body burns fat instead of glucose for energy, such as uncontrolled diabetes mellitus

A

Ketonuria

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17
Q

Kidney stone

A

Nephrolith

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18
Q

Kidney is enlarged

A

Nephromegaly

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19
Q

Kidney is abnormally soft

A

Nephromalacia

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20
Q

Kidney tissue has become hardened

A

Nephrosclerosis

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21
Q

Having to urinate frequently during the night

A

Nocturia

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22
Q

Producing too little urine

A

Oliguria

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23
Q

Producing an unusually large volume of urine

A

Polyuria

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24
Q

Presence of urine in urine

A

Proteinuria

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25
Q

Presence of pus in urine

A

Pyuria

26
Q

Pain caused by kidney stone.

A

Renal colic

27
Q

Narrowing of a passageway in the urinary system

A

Stricture

28
Q

Accumulation of waste products in bloodstream. Associated with renal failure

A

Uremia

29
Q

Ureter is stretched out or dilated

A

Ureterectasis

30
Q

Stone in ureter

A

Ureterlith

31
Q

Ureter has become narrow

A

Ureterostenosis

32
Q

Urethral pain

A

Urethralgia

33
Q

Profuse bleeding from urethra

A

Urethrorrhagia

34
Q

Urethra has become narrow

A

Urethrostenosis

35
Q

Feeling to urinate immediately

A

Urgency

36
Q

Involuntary release of urine.

A

Urinary incontinence

37
Q

Inability to fully empty the bladder, often indicates a blockage in the urethra

A

Urinary retention

38
Q

Damage to renal tubules due to presence of toxins in urine of to ischemia. Results in oliguria

A

Acute tubular necrosis (ATN)

39
Q

Accumulation of damage to the glomerulus capillaries due to chronic high blood sugars of diabetes mellitus

A

Diabetic nephropathy

40
Q

Inflammation of kidney (primarily of glomerulus). Results in proteinuria and hematuria

A

Glomerulonephritis

41
Q

Distention of renal pelvis due to urine collecting in kidney; often a result of obstruction of a ureter

A

Hydronephrosis

42
Q

Kidney inflammation

A

Nephritis

43
Q

Presence of calculi in kidney.

A

Nephrolithiasis

44
Q

Kidney tumor

A

Nephroma

45
Q

General term describing presence of kidney disease

A

Nephropathy

46
Q

Downward placement of kidney out of its normal location; commonly called floating kidney

A

Neophroptosis

47
Q

Damage to glomerulus resulting in protein appearing in urine, proteinuria, and corresponding decrease in protein in the bloodstream. Nephrosis

A

Nephrotic syndrome (NS)

48
Q

Formation of multiple cysts within kidney tissue.

A

Polycystic kidneys

49
Q

Renal pelvis inflammation

A

Pyelonephritis

50
Q

Cancerous tumor that arises from kidney tubule cells

A

Renal cell carcinoma

51
Q

Inflammation of renal pelvis and the kidney. One of most common kidney disease. May be result of urinary tract infection that moved up to kidney by way of ureters.

A

Pyelonephritis

52
Q

Inability of kidneys to filter wastes from blood resulting in uremia.

A

Renal failure

53
Q

Malignant kidney found most often in children

A

Wilm’s tumor (VILMZ)

54
Q

Cancerous tumor that arises from the cells lining the bladder; major sign of hematuria

A

Bladder cancer

55
Q

Blockage of the bladder outlet. Often caused by enlarged prostate gland in males

A

Bladder neck obstruction (BNO)

56
Q

Urinary bladder inflammation

A

Cystitis

57
Q

Hernia or protrusion of urinary bladder into the wall of vagina

A

Cystocele

58
Q

Disease of unknown cause in which there is inflammation and irritation of the bladder. Most commonly seen in middle-aged women

A

Interstitial cystitis

59
Q

Loss if nervous control that leads up to retention; may be caused by spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis

A

Neurogenic bladder

60
Q

Infection, usually from bacteria, of any organ of urinary system. Most often begins with cystitis and may ascend into ureters and kidneys. Most common in women

A

Urinary tract infection (UTI)

61
Q

Branch of medicine involved in diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the kidney. Nephrologist

A

Nephrology

Anatomy & Physiology (16 decks)

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