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Biology - IGCSE > Chapter - 9 (Transport in Animals) > Flashcards

Chapter - 9 (Transport in Animals) Flashcards

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1
Q

Define circulatory system.

A

A system of blood vessels with a pump and valves to ensure one-way flow of blood.

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2
Q

Define valves.

A

Structures that allow a liquid to flow in one direction only.

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3
Q

Define oxygenated blood.

A

Blood containing a lot of oxygen

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4
Q

Define deoxygenated blood.

A

blood containing only a little oxygen

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5
Q

Define a double circulatory system.

A

A system in which blood passes thru the heart twice on one complete circuit of the body.

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6
Q

Define a single circulatory system.

A

A system in which blood passes thru the heart only once on one complete circuit of the body.

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7
Q

Define atria or atrium

A

Thin-walled Chambers at the top of the heart, receive blood.

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8
Q

Define ventricles.

A

Thick-walled Chambers at the base of the heart pumps blood out.

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9
Q

Define septum.

A

The structure that separates the left & right sides of the heart, keeps oxygenated & deoxygenated blood separate

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10
Q

Define pulmonary veins.

A

the veins that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.

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11
Q

Defiant vena cava.

A

The large veins bring deoxygenated blood to the right atrium.

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12
Q

Define aorta.

A

the largest artery in the body, which receives oxygenated blood from the left ventricles and delivers it to the body organs.

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13
Q

Define pulmonary artery.

A

The artery that carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.

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14
Q

Define the atrioventricular valve.

A

a valve between an atrium and a ventricle in the heart, which allows blood to flow from the right atrium to the ventricle but not in the opp direction.

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15
Q

Define semilunar valves.

A

valves close to the entrances to the aorta and pulmonary artery, which prevents backflow of blood from the arteries to the ventricles.

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16
Q

Define coronary arteries

A

vessels that deliver oxygenated blood to the heart muscle.

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17
Q

Define CHD Coronary Heart Disease.

A

Diseases caused by blockage of the coronary arteries.

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18
Q

Define pulse rate.

A

No. of times an artery expands and recoils in one minute, it is a measure of heart rate.

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19
Q

Define ECG

A

A graph showing the electrical activity of the heart plotted against time.

20
Q

Define artery

A

a thick-walled vessels that takes high-pressure blood away from the heart.

21
Q

Define capillary.

A

A tiny vessel with walls only one cell thick, that takes blood close to body cells.

22
Q

Define veins.

A

A thin-walled vessel that takes low-pressure blood back to the heart.

23
Q

Define the hepatic artery.

A

The blood vessel supplies oxygenated blood to the liver.

24
Q

Define the hepatic veins.

A

The blood vessels that carry blood away from the liver.

25
Q

Define plasma.

A

The liquid part of blood.

26
Q

Define RBC

A

biconcave blood cells with no nucleus, which transports oxygen.

27
Q

Define WBC

A

blood cells with a nucleus, which help to defend against pathogens.

28
Q

Define platelets.

A

Tiny cell fragments present in blood, which help with clotting.

29
Q

Define hemoglobin.

A

a red pigment found in RBC, which can combine reversibly with O2, it is a protein.

30
Q

define phagocytes.

A

Taking bacteria or other small structures into a cell’s cytoplasm, and digesting them with enzymes.

31
Q

Define fibrinogen.

A

A soluble protein, present in blood plasma.

32
Q

Define fibrin.

A

An insoluble protein that is formed from fibrinogen when a blood vessel is damaged.

33
Q

How is the structure of arteries?

A
34
Q

What do the structure of artery help in the function of?

A
35
Q

How is the structure of veins?

A
36
Q

What do the structure of veins help in the function of?

A
37
Q

How is the structure of capillaries?

A
38
Q

What do the structure of capillary help in the function of?

A
39
Q

Define arterioles

A
40
Q

Define venules

A
41
Q

What does the term hepatic refer to?

A
42
Q

What is the function of hepatic artery?

A
43
Q

What is the function of hepatic vein?

A
44
Q

What is the function of hepatic portal vein?

A
45
Q
A

Biology - IGCSE (19 decks)

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