Chapter 5 - Enzymes Flashcards
Define alimentary canal.
The part of the digestive system through which food passes as it moves from the mouth to the anus.
Define a catalyst.
A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction and is not changed by the reaction.
Define enzymes.
Proteins are involved in all metabolic reactions, where they function as biological catalysts.
Define amylase.
An enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of starch to maltose.
Define protease.
An enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of proteins into amino acids.
Define catalase.
An enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.
Define carbohydrase.
Enzymes that break down carbohydrates.
Define lipases
Enzymes that break down lipids (fats and oils)
Define maltase
An enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of maltose to glucose.
Define sucrase
An enzyme that breaks down sucrose.
Define substrate
The substance that an enzyme causes to react.
Define active site.
The part of an enzyme molecule to which the substrate temporarily binds.
Define complementary.
With a perfect mirror-image shape.
Define product.
The new substance is formed by a chemical reaction.
Define enzyme-substrate complex.
The short-lived structure formed as the substrate binds temporarily to the active site of an enzyme.
