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Biology - IGCSE > ch - 7 Human Nutrition > Flashcards

ch - 7 Human Nutrition Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the necessary food groups?

A
  1. Vitamins
  2. Minerals
  3. Proteins
  4. Lipids
  5. Carbohydrate
  6. Water
  7. Dietary fibre.
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2
Q

What is the function of carbohydrates?

A
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3
Q

What is the function of lipids?

A
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4
Q

What is the function of proteins?

A
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5
Q

What is the function of dietary fibres?

A
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6
Q

What is the function of vitamins and minerals?

A
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7
Q

What is the function of water?

A
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8
Q

What is the function of vitamin C?

A
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9
Q

What is the function of vitamin D?

A
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10
Q

What is the function of calcium?

A
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11
Q

What is the function of iron?

A
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12
Q

How do dietary needs change with age?

A
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13
Q

How do dietary needs change with activity levels?

A
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14
Q

How do dietary needs change with pregnancy?

A
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15
Q

How do dietary needs change with breastfeeding?

A
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16
Q

What deficiency is caused by lack of vitamin c?

A

Scurvy

17
Q

what are symptoms of scurvy?

A
  • Bleeding gums
  • Tooth loss
  • Gum ulcerations
  • swelling
  • pain in limbs
  • anemia
18
Q

How can scurvy be treated?

A

Oral or Intravenous vitamin C supplements.

19
Q

What does the deficiency of vitamin D cause?

A

Rickets

20
Q

how can rickets be treated?

A

Vitamin D supplements

21
Q

What are symptoms of Rickets?

A
  • Lack of bone growth.
  • Soft & weak bones
  • Bone pain
22
Q

What is the function of the mouth?

A
  • Mechanical digestion takes place
  • Teeth chew food
  • Amylase is secreted
23
Q

What is the function of oesophagus?

A

Tube that connects mouth to stomach

24
Q

What is the function of stomach?

A
  • Mechanically digests
  • Protease digests proteins
  • HCl kills bacteria and has optimum temp. for enzymes to work.
25
Q

What is the function of small intestine?

A
  • Duodenum
  • pH is 8 or 9
  • Ileum is where digestion happens
  • Most water is absorbed.
26
Q

what is the function of large intestine?

A
  • Water is absorbed
27
Q

What is the function of pancreas?

A
  • Produces enzymes
  • alkaline fluids
  • produces insulin
28
Q

What is the function of the liver?

A
  • Produces bile
  • Emulsification
  • Deamination
  • Produces urea.
29
Q

What is the function of the gall bladder?

A

Stores bile

Biology - IGCSE (19 decks)

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