Chapter 9 - The Triumph and Collapse of Jeffersonian Republicanism 1800-1824

Question 1

Marbury v. Madison

Answer 1

• Supreme Court decision of 1803 that created the precedent for judicial review by ruling as unconstitutional part of the Judiciary Act of 1789.

Question 2

Impressment

Answer 2

• The coercion of American sailors into the British navy.

Question 3

Chesapeake Incident

Answer 3

• Attack on 1807 by the British ship Leopard on the American ship Chesapeake in American territorial waters.

Question 4

Embargo Act of 1807

Answer 4

• Act passed by Congress in 1807 prohibiting American ships from leaving for any foreign port.

Question 5

Pan-Indian resistance movement

Answer 5

• Movement calling for the political and cultural unification of Indian tribes in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

Question 6

War Hawks

Answer 6

• Members of Congress, predominantly the South and West, who aggressively pushed for a war against Britain after their election in 1810.

Question 7

War of 1812

Answer 7

• War fought between the US and Britain from June 1812 to January 1815 largely over British restrictions on American shipping.

Question 8

Battle of Put-in-Bay

Answer 8

• American naval victory on Lake Erie in September 1813 in the War or 1812 that denied the British strategic control over the Great Lakes.

Question 9

Battle of Plattsburgh

Answer 9

• Victory of Commodore Thomas McDonough over a British fleet in Lake Champlain, September 11, 1814.

Question 10

Treaty of Ghent

Answer 10

• Treaty signed in December 1814 between the US and Britain that ended the War of 1812.

Question 11

Battle of New Orleans

Answer 11

• Decisive American War of 1812 victory over British troops in January 1815 that ended any British hopes of gaining control of the lower Mississippi River Valley.

Question 12

Era of Good Feelings

Answer 12

• The period from 1817 to 1823 in which the disappearance of the Federalists enabled Republicans to govern in a spirit of seemingly nonpartisan harmony.

Question 13

Second Bank of the United States

Answer 13

• A national bank chartered by Congress in 1816 with extensive regulatory powers over currency and credit.

Question 14

Fletcher v. Peck

Answer 14

• Supreme Court decision of 1810 that overturned a state law by ruling that it violated a legal contract.

Question 15

Dartmouth College v. Woodward

Answer 15

• Supreme Court decision of 1819 that prohibited states from interfering with the privileges of a private corporation.

Question 16

McCulloch v. Maryland

Answer 16

• Supreme Court decision of 1819 that upheld the constitutional authority of Congress to charter a national bank, and thereby to regulate the nation’s currency and finances.

Question 17

Rush-Bagot Agreement

Answer 17

• Treaty of 1817 between the US and Britain that effectively demilitarized the Great Lakes by sharply limiting the number of ships each power could station on them.

Question 18

Anglo-American Accords

Answer 18

• Series of agreements reached in the British-American Conventions of 1818 that fixed the western boundary between the US and Canada, allowed for joint occupation of Oregon, and restored American fishing rights.

Question 19

Trans-Continental Treaty of 1819

Answer 19

• Treaty between the US and Spain in which Spain ceded Florida to the US, surrendered all claims to the Pacific Northwest and agreed to a boundary between the Louisiana Purchase territory and the Spanish Southwest.

Question 20

Monroe Doctrine

Answer 20

• In December 1823, Monroe declared to Congress that the Americas “are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European power.”

Question 21

Missouri Compromise

Answer 21

• Sectional compromise in Congress in 1820 that admitted Missouri to the Union as a slave state and Maine as a free state and prohibited slavery in the northern Louisiana Purchase territory.

Question 22

American System

Answer 22

• The program of gov’t subsidies favored by Henry Clay and his followers to promote American economic growth and protect domestic manufacturers from foreign competition.