Chapter 8 - A New Republic and the Rise of Parties 1789-1800 Flashcards
Pietists: who were they and what did they believe?
• Protestants who stress a religion a religion of the heart and the spirit of Christian living.
Bill of Rights: what?
• A written summary of inalienable rights and liberties.
Judiciary Act of 1789: what did it do?
• Act of Congress that implemented the judiciary clause of the Constitution by establishing the Supreme Court and a system of lower federal courts.
Tariff Act of 1789: what was it and what was it designed to do?
• The first national tariff was designed primarily to raise revenue and not to protect home industries.
Federalist: what?
• A supporter of the Constitution who favored its ratification.
Republican: (Party); headed by whom? Opposed to whom? Favored what?
- Party.
- Headed by Thomas Jefferson.
- Opposition to the Federalist Party.
- Favored limiting the powers of the national gov’t and placing the interests of farmers and planters over those of financial and commercial groups—opposed financial and diplomatic policies of the Feds.
Treaty of Greenville: treaty between what countries? When? What did it do?
- Treaty between Native Americans and the US.
- In 1795.
- Indians in the Old Northwest were forced to cede most of the present state of Ohio to the United States
Whiskey Rebellion: what? When? Why?
- Armed uprising.
- In 1794.
- Farmers in western Pennsylvania revolted to prevent the collection of the excise tax on whiskey.
Jay’s Treaty: between what countries? When? What did it do?
- Treaty between Britain and the US.
- In 1794.
- The US made major concessions to avert a war over the British seizure of American ships.
Treaty of San Lorenzo: between what countries? When? What did it do?
- Treaty between Spain and the US.
- In 1795.
- Recognized the 31st parallel as the boundary between the US and Spanish Florida.
XYZ Affair: what? When? How did Americans react?
- Diplomatic Incident.
- In 1798.
- Americans were outraged by the demand of the French for a bribe as a condition for negotiating with American diplomats.
Quasi-War: what?
• Undeclared naval war of 1797 to 1800 between the US and France.
Alien and Sedition Acts: what? When?
• Collective name given to four acts passed by Congress in 1798 that curtailed freedom of speech and the liberty of foreigners resident in the US.
States’ rights: what?
• Favoring the rights of individual states over rights claimed by the national gov’t.
Nullification: what?
A constitutional doctrine holding that the state has a legal right to declare a national law null void within its borders.
