Chapter 9-The Reformation Flashcards
What split occurred?
A split between Protestants (Sweden, Holland, Germany, England) and Catholics ( Spain, Portugal, Italy) occurred in the church
What were the 5 abuses of the church?
Simony (sale of jobs in the church)
Nepotism (appointment of relatives to jobs in the church)
Absenteeism (priest/bishop is absent from work in his parish/diocese)
Pluralism (priest/bishop is in charge of more than one parish/diocese)
Tithe (1/10 of all earned money of Catholics went to the church)
What was the Reformation? When did it occur?
It was a time of great change in the church. It occurred in the sixteenth century.
What were indulgences?
An indulgence was a special prayer from the clergy that people could pay for to allegedly have their sins forgiven and get into heaven. The church was taking advantage of Christian’s beliefs of hell and purgatory to earn money for themselves.
Who was Martin Luther?
He was a priest in the Augustinian order and a teacher at the university of Wittenberg. He did not agree with indulgences and he protested against their use. He ended up being the founder of Protestantism.
What were the 95 theses?
They were 95 arguments written by Luther against the church. Luther nailed them to the door of the church at Wittenberg castle. They started a revolution.
What did Luther believe in instead of indulgences?
Justification by Faith Alone
What did Pope Leo X send to Luther in 1520? What did Luther do with it?
He sent Luther a papal bull called the Exurge Domini ordering Luther to recant. Luther burned the letter. He was excommunicated.
Who was John Tetzel
A Dominican friar sent to Germany to sell the indulgence for St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome.
What was the diet of worms?
It was a meeting of all German princes at worms to decide what to do with Luther.
Name 3 of Martin Luther’s beliefs.
Priests should be allowed to marry.
Services should be held in the vernacular.
Only 2 sacraments: baptism, communion.
Who was Jean Calvin?
He was a French man who believed the church was corrupt. He fled to Switzerland and set up his Protestant church in Geneva to avoid persecution.
What was Calvin’s religion called?
Calvinism, Presbyterianism.
Name 3 of Calvin’s beliefs.
Married clergy
Predestination
One sacrament: baptism
Name 3 rules of the City of God.
Attendance at church on Sunday was compulsory
Heretics were burned at the stake
Entertainment/music were banned
