Chapter 11-The American Revolution

Question 1

Name 3 of the 13 colonies and give one fact about them.

Answer 1

Virginia- first British colony in North America.
New York- renamed from New Amsterdam after the British defeated the Dutch.
Pennsylvania- established by William Penn in 1677.

Question 2

What was the population of the colonies in 1760?

Answer 2

2.5 million

Question 3

What were the main countries of origin of the colonists?

Answer 3

Britain, Ireland, Germany

Question 4

Name two facts about British rule at the time.

Answer 4

1) Constitutional monarchy.

2) George the 3rd was King.

Question 5

Name 5 reasons why the Americans were unhappy.

Answer 5

1) It was the Enlightenment, people questioned ideas.
2) Immigration reduced British identity, grew resentment of foreign rule.
3) Colonies were not represented at Westminster.
4) Trade restrictions. (The navigational acts.)
5) New taxes were introduced: Quartering Act, Stamp Act.

Question 6

What was the Boston Massacre?

Answer 6

When the British shot 5 men who were protesting the new taxes. (1770)

Question 7

What was the Boston Tea Party?

Answer 7

Colonists dressed up as American Indians, boarded the ships and dumped a valuable cargo of tea in the Boston Harbour.

Question 8

What happened at the First Continental Congress?

Answer 8

Representatives met in Philadelphia and called each colony to train a volunteer army. (Militia.)

Question 9

What happened at the Second Continental Congress?

Answer 9

George Washington was appointed head of army.

Question 10

Which two men wrote persuasive articles about the American Revolution?

Answer 10

Patrick Henry, Thomas Paine. (Common Sense.)

Question 11

What happened at the Third Continental Congress?

Answer 11

They declared their independence from Britain with the Declaration of Independence by Thomas Jefferson.

Question 12

What type of war followed this declaration?

Answer 12

Guerrilla war.

Question 13

What was the significance of Valley Forge?

Answer 13

Washington brought his army to Valley Forge to train during the winter of 1777. It was a turning point.

Question 14

What was the French role in the victory of the revolution?

Answer 14

6000 French troops were sent to fight, the French Navy attacked the British Navy making it difficult for her to supply her army.

Question 15

When was the war officially over?

Answer 15

When Britain signed the Treaty of Paris in 1783 recognising the US as her own country.

Question 16

Name 5 effects of the American War of Independence.

Answer 16

1) USA became a democratic country. France became almost bankrupt.
2) It inspired Irish men to form the United Irishmen and try to achieve independence.
3) There was an official American Constitution and Bill of Rights.
4) George Washington became first president of the USA.
5) The country spread Westwards and 13 colonies became 50.