Chapter 10-Plantations Flashcards
Name 3 old English families.
The Fitzgeralds of Kildare
The Fitzgeralds of Desmond
The Butlers of Ormond
Name 3 Gaelic clans
The O’Connors
The O’Neils
The Maguires
What is a plantation?
The idea and practice of removing disloyal people from an area and replacing them with loyal subject who obey government.
Why use plantations?
Kings, Queens of England didn’t want to have to pay for wars, just to go back a few years later and fight them again.
What was Surrender and Regrant?
Lords and chieftains surrendered their land to Henry 8th, he would then regrant it to them with titles in exchange for an oath of allegiance
Why did the plantation of Laois and Offaly begin?
Queen Mary was frustrated with the acts of rebellion and treason but did not want to pay for war.
Name 3 rules of the Laois-Offaly plantation.
Use English farming practices.
Be prepared to defend themselves in case of an attack.
Employ only loyal subjects as servants.
Why did the Laois-Offaly plantation fail?
English didn’t keep a protection army in Ireland.
Planters were forced to employ Gaelic Irish.
Queen Mary died, Queen Elizabeth focuses on staying in power.
What was the practice of the Munster Plantation? (3)
Land was granted to undertakers
New towns were built
35 estates of 5000-10000 acres. Hard to manage
Benefits of the Munster Plantation? (3)
English farming became common
Plantation towns grew and prospered
Large Protestant population remained in Munster
What was the Nine Years War?
A rebellion against English rule in Ireland to maintain independence and Catholicism in Ireland.
Name 5 features of the Plantation of Ulster.
Maximum size of an estate was 2000 acres
Many Gaelic Irish families lost their land and had to live as outlaws
County Derry became Londonderry
Most Irish became labourers and worked the land
Omagh, Virginia, Belfast were built
What was the Cromwellian Plantation?
Plantation by Protestant Oliver Cromwell to defeat the rebellion, Catholicism in Ireland.
Name 3 features of the Cromwellian Plantation.
Land was awarded to past members of the New Model Army.
Catholic priests executed, sent as slaves to West Indies.
30000 Irish soldiers forced to leave to fight in wars not with England.
Where did the term “To hell or to Connaught” come from?
When rebels were forced to move west of the Shannon or face death by Oliver Cromwell.
