Chapter 9: Systems Development And Project Management: Corporate responsibility

Question 1

Waterfall methodology

Answer 1

A sequence of phases in which the output of each has becomes the input for the next

Question 2

Agile methodology

Answer 2

Aims for customer satisfaction through early and continuous delivery of useful software components developed by an iterative process using the bare minimum requirements

Question 3

Rapid application development ( RAD) methodology

Answer 3

Emphasizes extensive user involvement in the rapid and evolutionary construction of working prototype of a system to accelerate the systems development process

Question 4

Extreme programming (XP) methodology

Answer 4

Breaks a project into tiny phases and developers cannot continue on to the next phase until the first phase is complete

Question 5

Scrum methodology

Answer 5

Uses small teams to produce small pieces of deliverable software using sprints, or 30 day intervals to achieve an appointed goal (related to agile methodology)

Question 6

Primary reasons for project failure

Answer 6

Unclear or missing business requirements 
Skipping SDLC phases
Failure to manage project scope 
    - scope creep
    - feature creep
Failure to manage project plan
Changing technology

Question 7

Project management institute (PMI)

Answer 7

Develops procedures and concepts necessary to support the profession of project management

Question 8

Project

Answer 8

Temporary activities undertaken to create the unique product or service

Question 9

Project management

Answer 9

The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements

Question 10

Project manager

Answer 10

An individual who is an expert in project planning and management, defined and develops the project plan and tracks the plan to ensure the project is completed on time and on budget

Question 11

Project deliverable

Answer 11

Any measurable tangible, verifiable outcome, result, or item that is produced to complete a project or part of a project

Question 12

Project milestone

Answer 12

Represents key dates when a certain group of activities must be performed

Question 13

Project management office (PMO)

Answer 13

An internal department that oversees all organizational projects

Question 14

The triple constraint

Answer 14

Time, cost, scope

Question 15

Project stakeholder

Answer 15

Individuals and organizations actively involved in the project or whose interests might be affected as a result of project execution or project completion

Question 16

Executive sponsor

Answer 16

The person or group who provides the financial resources for the project

Question 17

Change process to match software

Answer 17

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Question 18

Three common techniques for selecting projects

Answer 18

Focus on organizational goals
Categorize projects
Perform a financial analysis

Question 19

Project charter

Answer 19

A document issued by the project initiator or sponsor that formally authorizes the existence of a project and provides the project manager with the authority to apply organizational resources to project activities

Question 20

SMART criteria

Answer 20

Useful reminders on how to ensure that the project has created understandable and measureable objectives

Question 21

Project plan

Answer 21

A formal, approved document that manages and controls project execution
- two primary diagrams are PERT and Gantt charts

Question 22

Managing a project includes

Answer 22

Identifying requirements
Establishing clear and achievable objectives
Balancing the competing demands of quality, scope, time, cost
Adapting the specifications, plans, and approach to the different concerns and expectations of the various stakeholders

Question 23

A project manager must focus on managing three primary areas to ensure success

Answer 23

People
Communications
Change

Question 24

You can’t change one without affecting the other

Answer 24

Time
Cost
Quality

Question 25

In sourcing

Answer 25

Uses the professional expertise within an organization to develop and maintain its information technology systems

Question 26

Outsourcing

Answer 26

An arrangement by which one organization provides a service or services for another organization that chooses not to perform them in house

Question 27

Factorial driving outsourcing growth include

Answer 27

Core competences
Financial savings
Rapid growth
The internet and globalization

Question 28

Outsourcing benefits

Answer 28

• Increased quality and efficiency of business processes
• Reduced operating expenses for head count and exposure to risk for large capital investments
• Access to outsourcing provider’s expertise, economies of scale, best practices and advanced technologies
• Increased flexibility for faster response to market changes and less time to market for new products or services

Question 29

Outsourcing challenges

Answer 29

Length of contract
Threat to competitive advantage
Loss of confidentiality

Question 30

Systems development life cycle (SDLC)

Answer 30

The overall process for developing information systems from planning and analysis through implementation and maintenance