Chapter 9 Printing

Question 1

what is printing?

Answer 1

Printing is application of dyes, pigments or other chemicals to produce design on fabrics, yarns

Question 2

print paste

Answer 2

*thickened dyes or pigments used for printing

Question 3

Printing Methods

Answer 3

Hand: labor intensive
Machine /mechanized: for mass production

Question 4

had printing

Answer 4

Block and screen
Tie dye, Ikat, Batik

Question 5

Block print

Answer 5

Wood or other carved material used to stamp design on fabric
Size of the repeat pattern limited by size of the black
Commonly used for cotton, silk, wool and jute and rayon

Question 6

screen printing

Answer 6

Print paste is forced through mesh areas of a printing screen by a squeegee mech screen

Question 7

Hand-Screen Printing

Answer 7

used by ancient cultures, still used today
Print paste pressed through a fine screen to apply a design Section of screen blocks color to pass through Print paste contains dye or pigment paste plus thickener

Question 8

Mechanized printing types

Answer 8

Roller
Screen (flat bed, rotary)
Heat transfer
Other techniques

Question 9

Automatic-Screen Printing

Answer 9

To print wide width of fabric
Fabric rests on conveyor belt and is mechanically advanced from screen to screen
Method not suitable for diagonal and vertical lines
– fabric is moved to the screens on a wide rubberized belt
Intermittent not continuous process

Question 10

*Rotary-Screen Printing

Answer 10

fabric is moved on a wide rubber belt under continually in motion rotary-screen cylinders
Most common and cost effective method
Used to print variety of fabrics-including knits
1-16 colours, half tones patterns, vertical and diagonal lines can be printed

Question 11

Roller Printing

Answer 11

high-speed process in which design transferred to fabric by copper engraved rollers

Question 12

Heat-Transfer Printing

Answer 12

(thermal- transfer printing) – design is printed on transfer paper, then pressed onto fabric
Requires applying heat and pressure
Used to print polyester fabric with disperse dyes
Environmentally friendly

Question 13

disperse dyes

Answer 13

the only dyes for heat-transfer printing

Question 14

digital printing

Answer 14

Microdrops of liquid ink are applied through tiny nozzles into the fabric surface
*Used for office printing on paper
*Recently being used for textiles

Question 15

steps to Setting the Color in Screen and Roller Printing

Answer 15

aging
curling
wet print
dry prints

Question 16

aging

Answer 16

exposing dye printed fabric to boiling steam

Question 17

*Curing

Answer 17

fabric subjected to dry heat resin in the pigment

Question 18

wet prints

Answer 18

fabrics printed with dyes

Question 19

dry print

Answer 19

fabric printed with pigments

Question 20

Colorfastness

Answer 20

how long the color will last

Question 21

wet on dry

Answer 21

second color is printed on top of a previously printed color when the first color is dry

Question 22

Wet-on-Wet Effect

Answer 22

second color is printed directly over a first color that is still wet

Question 23

fall on

Answer 23

third color from the two printed colors become mixed

Question 24

halftone

Answer 24

gradual shading from light to dark in the same color of a pattern

Question 25

Strike off

Answer 25

sample of first several sample yards printed for approval

Question 26

6 basic types of prints

Answer 26

direct, over, discharge, resist, pigmint, and dry prints

Question 27

Direct Prints

Answer 27

design is printed directly onto a white cloth

Question 28

Overprint

Answer 28

design printed over a previously dyed fabric

Question 29

Discharge Prints

Answer 29

fabric is piece-dyed a solid color, then the fabric design is printed onto the fabric using bleaching agent

Question 30

Resist Prints

Answer 30

pattern is printed on white fabric with a chemical or wax resin, then fabric is piece dyed
*Same results as discharge prints
*Methods is reverse of discharge printing Tie and Dye: Fabric is tied to prevent dye penetration

Question 31

pigmint prints

Answer 31

direct prints made with pigments

Question 32

*Dry printing

Answer 32

process of pigment printing

Question 33

the 11special types of prints

Answer 33

blotch, over, discharge, flock, warp, burn out, duplex, engineered prints. flocking. and mechanical, electrostatic flocking.

Question 34

Blotch Prints

Answer 34

background color created by printing not piece dyeing
Background and pattern printed simultaneously

Question 35

Over Print

Answer 35

Pattern printed on previously dyed fabric

Question 36

Discharge print:

Answer 36

Color removed to create design

Question 37

*Flock Prints

Answer 37

tiny particles of fiber flock adhered to fabric in a design
Gives raised effect

Question 38

Mechanical flocking

Answer 38

fiber flock is sifted onto fabric its passing through flocking chamber, *Flock is embedded in a randomized manner

Question 39

*Electrostatic flocking

Answer 39

flock particles are given an electrostatic charge
*Fibers upright upon adherence resulting in uniform and dense flock

Question 40

Flocking

Answer 40

covers the entire fabric surface

Question 41

warp prints

Answer 41

printing only the warp yarns before positioned on loom for weaving

Question 42

*Burn-Out Prints

Answer 42

select fibers are removed from a fabric
Dissolve one type of fiber in a fabric that is manufactured with two fibers

Question 43

*Duplex Prints

Answer 43

fabrics in which both sides of the fabric are printed

Question 44

*Engineered Prints

Answer 44

prints of distinct designs in separate areas of the fabric