Chapter 11 &12 Textiles and environment/ care &renovation

Question 1

*Environmentally friendly

Answer 1

consumers and the investment community like firms that are a “friend to the environment”

Question 2

Contaminated –

Answer 2

substances that are detrimental to the environment

Question 3

*Biodegradable –

Answer 3

ability to degrade quickly
Green Product Characteristics

Question 4

*Green product –

Answer 4

color green symbolizes product that is favorable to the environment
All aspects of the product should be examined when evaluating its green characteristics. This
includes production, shipping, use, care, and disposal.

Question 5

Sustainability

Answer 5

indicates products’ impact on the full environmental systems over the lifetime of the product

Question 6

Renewable –

Answer 6

material that comes from a resource that is easy to replace or replenish
*Plants
*Animals
*Recycled materials

Question 7

Resource conservation –

Answer 7

products made using less natural resources

Question 8

Energy saving –

Answer 8

products produced using reduced energy or products requiring less energy when used

Question 9

*Nonhazardous –

Answer 9

materials that do not harm the health or safety of an individual or the environment

Question 10

Recycling –

Answer 10

used products that are considered waste but are used again to make other products

Question 11

Cradle-to-cradle –

Answer 11

focus on reclaiming and recycling post-industrial and post-consumer materials into useful products

Question 12

Worker assessment –

Answer 12

assessment of human rights

Question 13

Cost Consideration –

Answer 13

Cost should include dollars and green rating
Eco-Friendly Textiles

Question 14

Organic cotton –

Answer 14

government certified three years or more of organic farming practices

Question 15

Transition cotton –

Answer 15

cotton produced on land that has been organically farmed for less than three years

Question 16

*Textile industry has become more eco-friendly with:

Answer 16

*Fibers
*Yarns and Fabrics
*Dyeing and printing
*Finishing
*Care of products
*Recycling programs

Question 17

what 5 Plant fibers as a source of sustainability:

Answer 17

*Hemp
*Ramie
*Bamboo
*Organic cotton
*Organic wool

Question 18

Yarns and Fabrics non eco friendly factors

Answer 18

*There are many non-eco-friendly conditions for yarns and fabrics
*Production of cotton yarns and fabrics: contaminants become air-borne
*Energy consumption should also be considered

Question 19

dyeing and printing non eco friendly factors

Answer 19

*Potential for adverse impact on the environment
*Dyes and pigments can create problems with photosynthesis
*Manufacturers are typing to reduce energy and water consumption

Question 20

finishes non eco friendly factors

Answer 20

*Finishing has potential to damage the environment
*Industry has developed initiatives to become “green”:
*Reduced usage of dangerous finishing chemicals
*Restrictions on waste discharge
*New processes in continuous bleaching
*Carbon dioxide assessments

Question 21

Finishing non eco friendly factors

Answer 21

*Large amounts of water
*Chemicals
*Large amounts of energy

Question 22

what is Organic Standards

Answer 22

*Various countries are adopting a Global Organic Textile Standard (GOTS)

Question 23

what soil can be removed just with water

Answer 23

soda and coffee

Question 24

what soil must be removed with soap

Answer 24

fruit and veggies

Question 25

*Laundering

Answer 25

water combined with soaps or detergents, and other additives for soil removal

Question 26

*Soaps

Answer 26

sodium salts of a fatty acid

Question 27

Detergent

Answer 27

synthetic detergents produced by chemical synthesis

Question 28

*Soil Removal –

Answer 28

Soap and detergent decrease the surface tension of water then help to dislodge soil from fabric

Question 29

*Additives –

Answer 29

added to wash water, or contained in the detergent bottle

Question 30

*Surfactants –

Answer 30

substances that lower the surface tension

Question 31

*Bleaches –

Answer 31

oxidize coloring matter

Question 32

*Fluorescent Brighteners –

Answer 32

absorbs ultraviolet rays and reflects light

Question 33

*Water Softeners

Answer 33

combine with the minerals that cause the water to be hard to remove the bonded molecules

Question 34

Fabric softeners

Answer 34

add a film on fibers to make fabrics softer minimize wrinkles

Question 35

*Starches

Answer 35

are sizing to help restore the body to limp fabrics

Question 36

*Fragrances –

Answer 36

added to give a “clean” smell and mask any chemical odor

Question 37

Pretreatment –

Answer 37

necessary for some types of stains, such as protein-based stains like body soils, blood, eggs, grass stains, and chocolate

Question 38

Enzymes –

Answer 38

organic substances that break down certain soils
Dry cleaning

Question 39

Dry cleaning

Answer 39

articles are cleaned in an organic solvent cleansing fluid and tumbled in a machine
*cleaning liquid is not water based

Question 40

*Spotting

Answer 40

articles stained with substances that are insoluble in dry cleaning solvent such as
*Blood
*Ink
*Rust spots

Question 41

drycleaning solvents

Answer 41

*Perchlorethylene
*Hydrocarbons
*Stoddard
*New developments – liquid CO2

Question 42

Water-Repellent Garments –

Answer 42

need special attention when dry cleaned

Question 43

Cautions in Dry Cleaning

Answer 43

*Vinyl plastics and vinyl-coated fabrics
*Polystyrene plastics
*Dyed leather trim
*Pigment-colored fabrics
*Flocked, bonded, laminated, or cemented
*Heavy and light fabrics
*Liquor, coffee, tea, or juices

Question 44

Home Solvent Cleaning –

Answer 44

heat activates the solvent in moist cloth and the tumbling in home dryer encourages the cleaning action

Question 45

*Ultrasonic –

Answer 45

sound above the human hearing range

Question 46

Ultrasonic Washing –

Answer 46

agitation generated by ultrasonic
Dissolves contaminants
*Displaces contaminants