Chapter 7 other types of textiles Flashcards
7 Methods of producing of textiles:
- non woven
- felt
- bonded
- laminated
- lace
- embroidery
- tufted fabrics
what are the 2 major textile production method?
weaving and knitted
what are the benefits of nonwovens
cheap, disposable products for medicine, hygiene, food. durable, no yarns are present, basic materials
Manufacturing methods for non-woven’s?
Staple fiber web, drylaid, wetlaid, spunlaid system
Drylaid system:
fibers manipulated while in a dry state
Wetlaid system:
fibers manipulated while in a wet state
Spunlaid system:
thermoplastic fibers blow as they are extruded
what is the bonding process determined by?
fiber content,
- web formation method, and
-intended end use
Mechanical Bonding:
Fibers entangled or stitched to hold them in place and add strength
what are the 5 Different methods of mechanical bonding
Needle punching, Spun lacing or hydroentangling, Stitch , thermal and chemical bonding
Needle punching
needle entangle staple fiber webs
Spun lacing or hydroentangling
water entangles fibers
Stitch bonding:
chain stitch holds the web together.
Thermal bonding
heat fuses thermoplastic fibers. Fuses polymer fibers that are still in semi solid stage
chemical bonding:
resins and binders adhere to fibers. Chemicals used affect properties.
Carded-Web Nonwovens
forming a web of fibers and then bonding the fibers
Spun laced Nonwovens
entanglement of staple fibers, using high-pressure water jets
Spunbonded Nonwovens
continuous extrusion of filaments into a web
Melt-Blown Nonwovens
similar to spunbonded, but filaments are reduced to microdenier size
Needle-Punched Nonwovens
entanglement of fibers pierced by needle
Fusible Nonwovens
made from thermoplastic fibers or thermoplastic films
Hybrid Products
increases versatility and extends marketplace reach
Quilted material –
– insulating filler secured between two layers of fabrics
quilted material examples
fiberfill, batting, foam, down insulation
Fiberfill
most widely used product, excellent resilience, light weight in thick layer
Batting
thin layers of insulation, good resilience, lightweight
foam
– stiffer material, does not drape well
down insulation
luxury product lightest weight, least resilient
what is felt
interlocking fiber surface, produced by matted wool fibers. does not drape or fray
Bonded
face and backing joined with adhesive that does not add thickness
Laminated
fabric is joined to a continuous sheet material
wet- adhesive
adhesives applied to fabric, then passed between hot rollers to activate and set adhesive
Foam-flame bonding
thin layer of polyurethane foam is heated to make it tacky and adhesive
Laminated Fabrics
fabric joined to a continuous sheet material
Hot-melt method
thermoplastic material used as adhesive in middle between outer fabric and lining
methods laminating fabrics
Hot-melt method, Stitch bonding, Embroidery, eyelit, schiffli machine, tufted fabrics
Stitch bonding
mechanical bonding system, needles and threads are used to sew yarns together into fabric
Embroidery
creating raised designs on woven fabrics, paper, plastic, or knitted fabrics
eyelet
:embroidery fabric with small, round holes in the fabric
Schiffli machine
about 1,000 needles working at the same time to produce embroidery
Tufted fabrics:
extra yarns are inserted into woven fabric
