Chapter 9: Political Parties Flashcards

1
Q

A process of cooperation through compromise

A

Bipartisanship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

An election that represents a sudden, clear, and long-term shift in voter allegiances

A

Critical election

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A condition in which one or more houses of the legislature is controlled by the party in opposition to the executive

A

Divided government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A system in which the winner of an election is the candidate who wins the greatest number of votes cast, also known as plurality voting

A

First-past-the-post

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The manipulation of legislative districts in an attempt to favor a particular candidate

A

Gerrymandering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A type of election in which the winning candidate must receive at least 50 percent of the votes, even if a run-off election is required

A

Majoritarian voting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The legislative party with over half the seats in a legislative body, and thus significant power to control the agenda

A

Majority party

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The legislative party with less than half the seats in a legislative body

A

Minority party

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

An individual who falls in the middle of the ideological spectrum

A

Moderate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Individuals who represent themselves in public as being part of a party

A

Party identifiers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The formal structure of the political party and the active members responsible for coordinating party behavior and supporting party candidates

A

Party organization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The collection of a party’s positions on issues it considers politically important

A

Party platform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The shift of a party positions from moderate towards ideological extremes

A

Party organization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A shifting of party alliances within the electorate

A

Party realignment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Party identifiers who have been elected to office and are responsible for fulfilling the party’s promises

A

Party-in-government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Members of the voting public who consider themselves part of a political party who consistently prefer the candidates of one party over the other

A

Party-in-the-electorate

17
Q

A political style that focuses on building direct relationships with voters rather than on promoting specific issues

A

Personal politics

18
Q

The election rule by which the candidate with the most votes win, regardless of vote share

A

Plurality voting

19
Q

An organization that secures votes for a party’s candidate or supports the party in other ways, usually in exchange for political favors such as a job in government

A

Political machine

20
Q

Organizations made up of groups of people with similar interests that try to directly influence public policy through their members who seek and hold public office

A

Political parties

21
Q

The lowest level of party organization, usually organized around neighborhoods

22
Q

A party-based election tule in which the number of seats party receives is a function of the share of votes received in an election

A

Proportional representation

23
Q

The reallocation of House seats between the states to account for population changes

A

Reapportionment

24
Q

The redrawing of electoral maps

A

Redistricting

25
A district drawn so members of a party can be assured of winning by a a comfortable margin
Safe seat
26
The process in which voters change party allegiances in response to shifts in party position
Sorting
27
Political parties formed as an alternative to the Republican and Democratic parties, also known as minor parties
Third parties
28
A system in which two major parties win all or almost all elections
Two-party system
29
# CC A party system is
The different historical eras as defined by which parties were active at the time.
30
# CC How did the framers feel about parties?
They were afraid of parties
31
# CC How many party systems have there been in US history?
5 or 6, depending on who you ask
32
# CC Which of the following statements about third parties is true?
They almost never win, but they do matter
33
# CC The goal of a political party is to
Win elections
34
# CC Which of the following are reasons that parties exist?
- To facilitate collective action in the electoral process - To facilitate policymaking - To deal with the problems of politicians' ambition
35
# CC Which of the following contains examples of what political parties actually do?
Recruit candidates and get out the vote
36
# CC ______ are held to choose candidates who will then run in the later general election.
Primary elections
37
# CC In a(n)_______ you can only vote for the party for which you are registered.
Closed primary