Chapter 9: Plants and Plant Processes

Question 1

Plants

Answer 1

A Eukaryotic Autotroph that contains cell walls

Question 2

Non-vascular plants

Answer 2

Plants that lack well developed systems for carrying water and minerals (most are low to the ground because they lack support)

Question 3

Vascular plants

Answer 3

Plants that have well developed, tube-like structures that carry water and minerals around the plant (most are taller plants because they are supported by this structure)

Question 4

Mosses

Answer 4

Diverse nonvascular plants that use rhizoids rather than roots to hold them in place

Question 5

Ferns

Answer 5

Tall, Vascular plants that grow upwards from the ground while their roots burrow deeper into the earth

Question 6

Phloem

Answer 6

A type of vascular tissue that transports food through the plant

Question 7

Xylem

Answer 7

Another type of vascular tissue that moves water through the plant

Question 8

Pollen

Answer 8

Tiny structures that allow plants to reproduce

Question 9

Seeds

Answer 9

Develops after an egg cell is fertilized by pollen

Question 10

Germination

Answer 10

When the embryo begins to break through the seed in its growth process

Question 11

Fibrous root

Answer 11

Many tangled, similar sized roots (ex. grass, corn, etc

Question 12

Taproot

Answer 12

A single, thick root with many small roots branching off of it (ex. carrot, dandelions, cacti)

Question 13

Photosynthesis

Answer 13

The process where plants turn water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight into Glucose and oxygen

Question 14

Gymnosperms

Answer 14

a cone bearing seed plant that produces seeds that are not enclosed by fruit or flowers (ex. conifers and ginkgoes)

Question 15

Angiosperms

Answer 15

a seed plant that produces seeds that are enclosed in a fruit and produces a flower

Question 16

Flower

Answer 16

the reproductive system of angiosperms

Question 17

Fruit

Answer 17

a ripened ovary that contains and protects one or more seeds

Question 18

What are the 3 major characteristics that all plants have in common

Answer 18

most are autotrophs, all are eukaryotes, and all have cell walls

Question 19

understand the origin of plants

Answer 19

Scientist have compared chloroplasts of modern day plants to those of the past and found that plants have evolved from ancient algae

Question 20

name two seedless non-vascular plants

Answer 20

(liverwort, hornwort, and some mosses)

Question 21

name two seedless vascular plants

Answer 21

(ferns, horsetails, and club mosses)

Question 22

name four things that plants provide for humans and other organisms

Answer 22

1. food
2. clothes
3. shelter
4. oxygen

Question 23

do seed plants or seedless plants make up the majority of plants around us

Answer 23

seed plants

Question 24

what is the function of an embryo

Answer 24

The embryo stores food in order to help the new organism grow

Question 25

name four ways that seeds are dispersed

Answer 25

wind, water, weather, other organisms,

Question 26

what are the 3 main functions of roots

Answer 26

soak up minerals and water, anchor the plant in the ground, SOMETIMES store food

Question 27

what are the four main functions of stems

Answer 27

1. carry substances between roots and leaves
2. supports the plant
3. stores food
4. holds up leaves so they can get sunlight

Question 28

what are the two different types of stems

Answer 28

herbaceous stems and woody stems

Question 29

what are the different types of gymnosperms

Answer 29

Cycads, conifers, ginkgo

Question 30

what is pollination, fertilization, reproductive processes between these plants, seed dispersal, gymnosperms and angiosperms and the uses for them

Answer 30

angiosperms are used to make clothing, meds, an textlies while gymnosperms are use for building, lumber, and paper production. pollination is the transfer of pollen from the male reprouctive system to the female one. the pollen fertilizes the egg sell making a seed.

Question 31

compare and contrast angiosperms and Gymnosperms

Answer 31

gymnosperms are plants without flowers or fruit and angiosperms dont have cones