Chapter 22 - Biomes and Ecosystems

Question 1

Producer

Answer 1

an organism that makes is own food

Question 2

Consumer

Answer 2

organisms that get energy from eating other organisms

Question 3

Decomposer

Answer 3

Organisms that break down wastes and dead organisms, returning the raw materials to the ecosystem

Question 4

Food chain

Answer 4

A series of events in which one organism eats another and obtains energy

Question 5

Food web

Answer 5

A diagram that is made of many overlapping food chains in an ecosystem

Question 6

Energy pyramid

Answer 6

A diagram that shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web

Question 7

Evaporation

Answer 7

The process by which molecules of liquid water absorb energy and change to a gas

Question 8

Condensation

Answer 8

The process by which a gas changes to a liquid

Question 9

Precipitation

Answer 9

Rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls back to Earth

Question 10

Nitrogen fixation

Answer 10

The process of combining nitrogen with other elements in order to make it usable

Question 11

Biome

Answer 11

A group of ecosystems with similar climates and organisms

Question 12

Contiental drift

Answer 12

As tectonic plates found underneath the continents move the continents have been moving slowly further and further apart

Question 13

Climate

Answer 13

The typical weather pattern in an area over a long period of time

Question 14

Dispersal

Answer 14

The movement of organisms from one place to another

Question 15

Permafrost

Answer 15

a thick subsurface layer of soil that remains frozen throughout the year

Question 16

how does energy enter an ecosystem?

Answer 16

sunlight

Question 17

what is the process of the water?

Answer 17

evaporation, condensation, precipitation

Question 18

what is the carbon cycle?

Answer 18

producers take in a gas called carbon dioxide which is made of carbon and oxygen, decomposers break down dead producers, returning it to the soil

Question 19

what is the oxygen cycle?

Answer 19

producers give off oxygen, consumers breathe in the oxygen which they use in their day to day lives

Question 20

Nitrogen cycle

Answer 20

nitrogen moves from the air to the soil,into living things, and back into the air and soil

Question 21

what is the human impact on the nitrogen cycle

Answer 21

when humans burn coal they add more carbon into the ecosystem

Question 22

list six biomes

Answer 22

desert, grassland, tundra, rain forest, deciduous forest, coniferous forest

Question 23

what are the differences between the two rain forests

Answer 23

tropical rain forest - warm and humid with lots of rainfall

temperate rain forest - only found in north america, is cooler in temp

Question 24

what are the layers of the tropical rain forest (highest to lowest)

Answer 24

emergent layer, canopy, understory, forest floor

Question 25

what is a savanna

Answer 25

a grassland that is closer to the equator with scattered shrubs and small trees

Question 26

what is the term taiga mean

Answer 26

another word for boreal forest

Question 27

what is the difference between deciduous trees and coniferous

Answer 27

deciduous - trees that shed their leaves and grow new ones each ear
coniferous - needle trees, waxy needles, stay forever

Question 28

what is a continental drift

Answer 28

as tectonic plates found underneath the earth move, the plates shift

Question 29

different ways that water, wind, living things, and abiotic factors effect dispersal

Answer 29

water and wind can help help move small organisms