Chapter 9 Patient care Flashcards
What are the most common solutions used to disinfect surfaces?
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ( 1:10 bleach/water) or commercial chemical disinfectant.
What are PPE and examples?
Personal protective equipment. Barriers to blood and body fluids. Gloves Goggles, mask.
What are Therapeutic Communication Techniques during Intake process?
Active Listening, Open-ended questions, restatement, reflection, clarification and nonverbal communication.
What is Chief Complaint?
Subjective information that ID’s the reason for the visit in the records in pt.’s own words.
What is normal range for Ht rate for newborn to 1 mo.
120-160/min
Toddler Ht rate range is (1-3 yrs)
80 -130/min
Preschool Ht Rate ( 3-5 yr)
80-120/min
School Age Child HT rate (6-15 yrs)
70-100/min
Adult Ht rate (15yr and older)
60-100/min
Convert height from inches to feet and inches by:
Divide inches by 12: Example:62”/12” = 5ft. 2 in
1 kg = how many pounds ?
2.2lbs
To convert pounds to Kg :
Divide weight in pounds by 2.2
To convert Kg to pounds:
Multiply weight in Kg by 2.2.
What is the calculation for Body Mass Index?
Weight in Kg / Height in m (squared) = BMI OR Wt in lbs / Ht. in inches 9Squared) x 703 = BMI
Normal BMI is:
18.5 to 24.9
BMI for obesity is:
3.0 and greater
a speculum is used to examine the:
Nose
Trendelenburg position is used to:
Stabilize pt. in shock. (legs elevated above head)
Lithotomy position is used for;
female pelvic exam, (feet in stirrups)
Intradermal (ID) needles are what gauge and length?
27-28 lumen by 3/8 in. long
Subcutaneous (SC) needles are what gauge and length?
25-26 lumen by 1/2 in.- 5/8 in. long
Intramuscular (IM) needles are what gauge and length?
20-23 lumen by 1-3 in. (depending on patient size and muscle)
Why is dorsogluteal site no longer recommended for Intramuscular injections?
Complications with sciatic nerve possible.
What are the 3 sites for 90 degree IM injections (intramuscular) ?
Deltoid muscle, Ventrogluteal muscle, vastus latera;lis muscle.
What angle are subcutaneous (SQ) injection sites done at? What are they used for?
45 degrees. Heparin, Insulin.
What angle are Intradermal (ID) sites injected at?
10-15 degrees.TB or Allergy tests.
Strain is:
Stretch/tear of ligament (bone to bone) Tx: RICE
Sprain is:
Stretch/tear of muscle or tendon (connects muscle to bone) Tx: RICE
Dressings are _______ and bandages are _______
Sterile, Non-sterile
A border of __ around a sterile field is considered non-sterile.
1 inch.
What tools and precautions does an MA need for staple or suture removal?
Forceps, stitch scissors or staple removers. Soak w/ saline if crusted. Look for exudate. If gaping, stop and notify provider.
A CPOE is:
Computerized Physician Order Entry
What are the three pulse sites for adult, child and emergency situations?
Radial- adult, bracial-child and carotid for emergency.
What is Pulse Oximetry and what does it read?
Not a vital sign but it reads % of O2 saturated in blood by an infra red light attached to finger. 95% or higher normal. No nail polish.
Pain Scale is what? How to detect pain?
Asking pt. to rate their pain on 1-10. Facial grimacing, holding body parts. Subjective.
What Skills/activities does the Medical Assistant perform at every visit? (6)
- Chief Complaint, 2. Weight, 3. Temp. 4. Ht Rate 5. Respirations, 6. Blood pressure
What Skills/Activities are performed by the M.A. as part of complete physical?(5)
- Height, 2. Head Circumference, 3. Visual Acuity (Snellen Chart), 4. EKG (Middle-Aged Adults) 5. Urinalisis
When is Pulse oximetry done in Intake by M.A?
When pt. has chronic LU. disease or respiratory symptoms.
Maternity visits always have what activity for M.A. to perform?
Urinalysis
How far away does the pt. stand from Snellin or E-snellin chart to take visual acuity test?
20 ft. It’s a test
What would knee/chest position be used for in pt exam?
(Like childs pose.) vaginal/rectal.
What would semi-Fowlers position be used for in exam?
45 degree angle seated on table. Pt who is uable to lye flat, S.O.B.
Sims position is what?
Pt. on L. side with l. side slightly flexed and R. leg flexed at 90 degree angle. can use pillow bet. knees. Rectal exam, enema.
What position id used for sygmoidosopy?
jack-Knife. Lying over exam table that is lifted in middle.
Dorsal Recumbent position is:
Flat on the back with the knees bent. Used for cathertizations or genital exam of the young pt.
When should the 3 checks for medication name, amount and route of dosage be done?
- Check med. chosen to order of Dr., 2. Check after med is prepared for dosing, 3. Check immediately prior to giving to pt.
What do you say to Pt. before giving a medication? (2)
- Ask consent of Pt. 2. Explain what med is, dose and how it will be given.
What is the average HT rate for an infant ( 1 to 12 mo.)
80 - 140/min.
An adult Respiratory rate is ___ to _____ per min. as compared to an infant which can be _ to ____ per min.
12 to 20 Adult, /30 to 50 Infant
What are the 3 things that respiration is evaluated on?
Rate, Rhythm and Depth
Fevers for Rectal Child.
100.4 and up
Fever for Adult Oral rectal or ear.
101 and up.
Diabetic Coma (Hyperglycemia) Emergency signs/ procedures are:
Signs: Malaise, Dry mouth, Polydipsia (thirst), polyurea, dyspnea, nausea.
Tx: Administer Insulin, Call 911, Monitor vital signs.
Insulin Shock (hypoglycemia) Emergency signs/procedures are:
Signs: Sweaty, Anxiety, Tachacardia, H/A, Hunger.
Tx: Administer Glucose, Call 911, Monitor Vitals.
When removing sutures it is good to do what?
Account for the number of sutures or staples removed.
How do you cut to remove sutures?
Cut close to the knot and pull the suture out by grabbing the knot and pulling with forceps observing the entire suture is removed.
Convert Celcius to Farenheight
Cx9/5+32=F
Convert Farenheight
F-32X5/9=C
Seizures Procedures:
- Assist to lying position
- Tilt head to side
- Time Seizures
- Stay w/ Pt. and observe
- Call 911 if continues
Removing Sutures Procedures:
- Remove every other or staple while observing the site
- If gaping, stop, notify provider
- Cut UNDER the knot and pull sutures out w/forcepts
- put on gauze and count?
Stroke signs/procedures
-aphasic or dyspasic ( cant’ speak)
-Paralysis (one sided)
-Drooping mouth
-Loose consciousness
_____________________
-Administer O2
-Call 911
-NPO
Vital Signs
-Medical History
preauthorization (billing/coding)
For reserving an in-patient (in-hospital) procedure. Must call Insurance Co before scheduling. (Need #)
precertificaton (billing/coding)
MA or Pt. contacts Insurance Co. to confirm coverage before scheduling referrals (diagnostic or therapeutic) Need #.
controlled substances
Pt. must deliver paper Rx to pharmacy. Cannot be called in.
