CHAPTER 9: Maslow: Holistic-Dynamic Theory Flashcards
VIEW OF MOTIVATION
That is, the whole person, not any single part or function, is motivated.
First view: holistic approach to motivation
VIEW OF MOTIVATION
meaning that a person’s behavior may spring from several separate motives
The motivation for a behavior may be unconscious or unknown to the person.
Second view: Motivation is usually complex
VIEW OF MOTIVATION
When one need is satisfied, it ordinarily loses its motivational power and is then replaced by another
need.
Third, People are continually motivated by one need or another.
The way we do things might differ, but we all have common basic needs, meaning no matter what status or race we have, we have common basic needs such as food, safety and friendshi
Fourth view: assumption all people everywhere are motivated by the same basic needs
What is Maslow’s Final View on Motivation
needs can be arrange on a hierarchy
Concept that assumes that lower level needs must be satisfied or at least relatively satisfied before higher level needs become motivators
Hierarchy of needs
What are the five conative needs (in order)
-Physiological Needs
-Safety and Security Needs
-Love and belonging Needs
-Esteem Needs
-Self Actualization
Needs that Include physical security, stability, dependency, protection, and freedom from threatening forces such as war, terrorism, illness, fear, anxiety, danger, chaos, and natural disasters. The needs for law, order, and structure are also safety needs
Safety Needs
Desire for friendship, mate and children; and the needs to belong into family, club, neighborhood, or a nation.
Love and Belongingness Needs
LOVE AND BELONGINGNESS
What category are the people e who have had their love and belongingness needs adequately satisfied.
First Category
LOVE ANF BELONGINGNESS
Consists of those who have never experienced love and belongingness.
Second Category
LOVE AND B BELONGINGNESS
people who have received love and belongingness only in small doses.
Third category
include self-respect, confidence, competence, and the knowledge that others hold them in high esteem.
Esteem Needs
LEVELS OF ESTEEM NEEDS
is the perception of the prestige, recognition, or fame a person has achieved in the eyes of others.
Reputation
LEVELS OF ESTEEM NEEDS
is a person’s own feelings of worth and confidence. Self-esteem is based on more than reputation or prestige; it reflects a “desire for strength, for achievement, for adequacy, for mastery and competence, for confidence in the
face of the world, and for indepen- dence and freedom.
Self-Esteem
needs include self-fulfillment, the realization
of all one’s potential, and a desire to become creative in the full sense of the word
Self-Actualization
OTHER NEEDS
not universal, but at least some people in every
culture seem to be motivated by the need for
beauty and aesthetically pleasing experien
Aesthetic Needs
OTHER NEEDS
healthy people desire to know more, to theorize, to test hypotheses, to uncover mysteries, or to find out how something works just for the satisfaction of knowing. However, people who have not satisfied their cognitive needs, who have been consistently lied to, have had their curiosity stifled, or have been denied information, become pathological, a pathology that takes the form of skepticism, disillusionment, and cynicism
Cognitive Needs
OTHER NEEDS
The satisfaction of conative, aesthetic, and cognitive needs is basic to one’s physical and psychological health, and their frustration leads to some level of illness. However,______lead only to stagnation and pathology
Neurotic Needs
Maslow estimated that the hypothetical average person has his
or her needs satisfied to approximately these levels: physiological, ___%; safety, ___%; love and belongingness, ___%; esteem, ___%; and self-actualization, ____%
85%
70%
50%
40%
10%
Some behavior is not caused by needs but by other factors such as conditioned reflexes, maturation, or drugs.
Unmotivated Behaviors
is often an end in itself and serves no other purpose than to be. It is frequently unconscious and usually takes place naturally and with little effort.
Expressive behaviors
is ordinarily conscious, effortful, learned, and determined by the external environment. It involves the individual’s attempts to cope with the environment; to secure food and shelter; to make friends; and to receive acceptance, appreciation, and prestige from others.
Coping Behaviors
