CHAPTER 1: Five major theoretical perspectives Flashcards
name the five major perspectives
- Psychodynamic
- Humanistic-existential
- Dispositional
- Biologicwl-Evolutionary
- Learning social cognitive
Name the key figures in the Psychodynamic Perspective and their respective focus key/ terms
Freud - Unconscious
Adler - Early Recollection
Jung - Collective Unconscious and Archetypes
Klein - Object Relations
Horney - NONE
Erikson - Identity Crisis
Fromm - Relatedness
Name the key figures in the Humanistic Existential and their respective focus key/ terms
Maslow - Meaningful Life, Psychological Well-being, and Growth
Rogers
May
Name the key figures in the Dispositional and their respective focus key/ terms
Alport - Traits
Mc Crae & Costa - Motives
Name the key figures in the Biological- Evolutionary and their respective focus key/ terms
Eysneck - Brain Structure, Neurochemicals, and genes
Buss - Adaptive Mechanism
Name the key figures in the Learning Social Cognitive and their respective focus key/ terms
Skinner - Conditioned responses shaping reinforcement observational learning
Bandura - Modelline Self Efficacy
Rotter Mischel - Cognitive Affective Units
Kelly - Constructs
General _________ have focused on the importance of early childhood experiences and on relationships with parents as guiding forces that shape personality development.
Psychodynamic Theories
_______ traditionally used dream interpretation to uncover the unconscious thoughts feelings and impulses as a main form of treatment for neurosis and mental illness
Psychodynamic
Currently known as “Positive Psychology” and theorist assume that not only
we are driven by a search for meaning but also negative
experiences,
Humanistic-Existential Theories
A theory where theorists argue that the unique and long-term
tendencies to behave in particular ways are the essence of our
personality.+
Dispositional Theories
Unique dispositions, such as extraversion or
anxiety, are called traits.
Dispositional Theories
Behavior, thoughts, feelings, and personality are influenced by
differences in basic genetic, epigenetic, and neurological
systems among individuals. They are based on evolved brain systems, human
thought, behavior, and personality have been shaped by forces
of evolution (natural and sexual selection) over millions of
years.
Biological-Evolutionary Theories
All behaviors are
learned through association and/or its consequences (whether
it is reinforced or punished). To shape desired behaviors, we
have to understand and then establish the conditions that bring
about those particular behaviors.
Learning-(Social) Cognitive Theories
