Chapter 9 Key Issues 1 And 2 Flashcards
What is the HDI?
Human development index- recognizes a country’s level of development through economic, social and demographic factors.
What is development?
The process of improving material conditions of people through diffusion of knowledge and technology.
Who was the the HDI created by?
United Nations
What is the economic factor in HDI?
GDP per capita
What are the social factors of the HDI?
Literacy rate and amount of education
What is the demographic factor in HDI?
Life expectancy
What are the four economic indicators of development?
Gross domestic product per capita
Types of jobs
Productivity
Consumer goods
What is gross domestic product?
Value of total output of goods and services produced in a country, usually in a year.
GDP/total population=
Contribution made by the average individual towards generating a country’s wealth.
What are primary sector jobs?
Directly extract materials from earth through agriculture.
What are secondary sector jobs?
Manufacturers that process, transform, and assemble raw materials into useful products.
What are tertiary sector jobs?
Goods and services to people in exchange for payment.
What are quaternary sector jobs?
Processing and finding out information
What is productivity?
The value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed to make it.
How is productivity measured?
Value added per capita
What is value added per capita?
Gross value of product minus the costs of raw material and energy.
What are especially important goods and services related to in MDCs?
Transportation and communication
What are two social indicators of development?
Education and literacy
Health and welfare
What are two ways that education and literacy tested?
Student teacher ratio
Literacy rate
What are the four demographic indicators of development?
Life expectancy
Infant mortality rate
Natural increase rate
Crude birth rate
How many major cultural regions are there? How many are more developed?
9
2
What are the three other distinctive areas that are not major cultural regions?
Russia
Japan
Oceania
What is the north-south split?
Most MDCs are north of 30 degrees north latitude, and most LDCs are south.
What is the HDI of North America?
0.95
Where is North America near the top?
GDP and literacy rate
Where is North America lower than many other regions?
Education
Life expectancy
What is North America the leading exporter of?
Food
What is the HDI of Europe?
0.93
Europe is the worlds ______ and ______ market.
Largest
Richest
______ and _______ European countries lag in development.
Southern
Eastern
What is Europe dependent on?
International trade
What is the HDI of Russia? More or less developed?
0.73
More
What caused a large drop in the HDI of Russia?
The switch from communism and going into a market economy
What is the HDI of japan? More or less developed?
0.96
More
How did japan become an industrial power?
Many people willing to work for very low wages
Where does japan concentrate it’s resources?
Rigorous educational systems
Research and development
What is the HDI of Oceania? More or less developed?
0.90
More
What is Australia the leader in?
Mining important materials
Where are the economies of Australia and New Zealand increasingly tied to?
Japan and other Asian countries
What is the HDI of Latin America? More or less developed?
0.82
Less
Why is overall development hindered in Latin America?
Inequitable income distribution
Who is Latin America dependent on trade with?
USA
What is the HDI of east Asia? More or less developed?
0.77
Less
What is the economy increasingly driven by in east Asia?
China
China is the worlds largest ____ and _____.
Market
Manufacturer
Why has china fallen behind in development?
Cival wars and foreign invasions
What is the HDI of Southwest Asia and North Africa? More or less developed?
0.74
Less
Southwest Asia and North Africa have a desert which means they must _____ most products.
Import
Southwest Asia and North Africa have large resources of what?
Petroleum
What beliefs conflict with business practices in MDCs?
Islam
What the HDI of Southeast Asia? More or less developed?
0.73
Less
What limits cultivation of most grains in Southeast Asia?
Tropical climate
Why has economic growth slowed in Southeast Asia?
Economic reforms
What is the HDI of Central Asia? More or less developed?
0.70
Less
What is the HDI of South Asia? More or less developed?
0.61
Less
South Asia has second highest ______ and second lowest _______.
Population
Per capita income
What is South Asia dependent on for crops?
Monsoon rains
What is the HDI of sub Saharan Africa? More or less developed?
0.51
Less
Sub Saharan Africa has the highest percentage of people in _____
Poverty
Sub Saharan Africa suffers from poor _____ and low ______ levels
Health
Education
______ states in sub Saharan Africa have difficulty shipping materials.
Landlocked
