Chapter 10 Key Issue 2 Flashcards
Where is shifting cultivation practiced?
South America, Central & West Africa, Southeast Asia
What climate is shifting cultivation practiced in?
Humid low-latitude climate regions.
How do farmers clear land in shifting cultivation?
They slash vegetation and burn the debris
In shifting cultivation farmers grow crops on a cleared field for a few years until soil _____ are depleted and then leave the field ______ for many years so the soil can recover.
Nutrients
Fallow
Farmers in shifting cultivation generally live in _____ _______ and grow food on surrounding land that the _______ own.
Small villages
Villages
What is swidden?
The cleared area of land in shifting cultivation.
What is the predominant crop in shifting cultivation in Southeast Asia?
Rice
What are the predominant crops of shifting cultivation in South America?
Corn and cassava
What are the predominant crops of shifting cultivation in Africa?
Millet and sorghum
Traditionally, land was owned by a village as a whole in _____ ______.
Shifting cultivation
The chief traditionally gave a certain amount of _______ to each family in shifting cultivation.
Land
________ ___________ occupies 1/4 of the world land area
Shifting cultivation
LDCs think that ____ ______ is inefficient to feed growing communities.
Shifting cultivation
_____ ________ is based on the herding of domesticated animals.
Pastoral nomadism
Pastoral nomadism is a form of _________ agriculture.
Subsistence
Shifting cultivation is a form of ________ agriculture.
Subsistence
Pastoral nomads live primarily in the large belt of ____ and ________ land.
Arid
Semiarid
Where is the belt of arid and semiarid land?
Central Asia, Southwest Asia, and North Africa
Pastoral nomads occupy __% of Earths land area.
20
Pastoral nomads depend primarily on _______ for survival.
Animals
Pastoral nomads consume mostly _____.
Grain
Pastoral nomads obtain grain from __________ farmers in exchange for ______ ________.
Subsistence
Animal products
Nomads sometimes hire workers to practice ________ agriculture.
Sedentary
_____ is the most desired animal by pastoral nomads in North Africa and southwest Asia.
Camel
____ and ______ are also important to pastoral nomads in North Africa and southwest Asia
Sheep
Goats
____ is considered important to pastoral nomads in Central Asia.
Horse
Pastoral nomads have a strong sense of _______.
Territoriality
Some pastoral nomads practice ____________~ seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pasture areas.
Transhumance
Governments have tried to ________ nomads because they want their ____.
Resettle
Land
Intensive subsistence agriculture is a type of _______ agriculture
Subsistence
_______ ________ agriculture feeds most people in MDCs.
Intensive subsistence.
Intensive subsistence agriculture is practiced mainly where?
East, south, and Southeast Asia.
Most work in subsistence agriculture is done by ____ or with _______.
Hand
Animals
Intensive subsistence agriculture is either ___ ____ dominant or not ___ ____ dominant.
Wet rice
______ _______ agriculture with ___ ____ occupies a small part of Asia’s agricultural land but is the regions most important source of food.
Intensive subsistence
Wet rice
Intensive subsistence with wet rice is dominant where?
Southeast china, east India, and Southeast Asia.
What is a sawah?
Flooded field for wet rice
What is chaff?
Husks of rice
What is threshing?
Trampling grains to remove husks from seeds.
What is winnow?
Lighter chaff blown away by wind.
What is a hull?
Outer covering of rice
Wet rice is most easily grown on ____ _____.
Flat land
Why do some farmers practice intensive subsistence wet rice not dominant?
The climate prevents farmers from growing wet rice.
Where is intensive subsistence with wet rice not dominant practiced?
Interior India and northeast china
What is the most important crop in intensive subsistence wet rice not dominant?
Wheat
Plantation farming is a type of _______ agriculture.
Subsistence
Where is plantation farming practiced?
Latin America, Africa and Asia
Who are plantations mainly owned by?
Europeans and North Americans
Where are crops in plantations sold to?
MDCs
What is a plantation?
A large farm that specializes in one or two crops.
Plantations are usually situated in _____ _______ locations.
Sparsely settled
