Chapter 10 Key Issue 1 Flashcards
Agriculture originated when humans domesticated _____ and ____ for their use.
Plants
Animals
What is agriculture?
Deliberate modification of earths surface through cultivation of plants and rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain.
What is a crop?
Any plant cultivated by people
What is cultivate?
To care for
What did humans do before invention of agriculture?
Hunting and gathering
Hunter and gatherers live in _____ groups.
Small
Why did hunter gatherers live in small groups?
Larger groups would quickly exhaust resources.
Hunter gatherers collected food on a _____ basis.
Daily
Hunter gatherers travelled ______
Frequently
The direction and frequency of hunter gatherer migration depended on what?
Movement of game and seasonal growth of plants.
Are there still hunter gatherers today?
Yes but very few
Where did agriculture originate?
Multiple hearths around the world.
_________ ______ is one of the earliest centers of crop domestication and domesticated the largest number of animals.
Southwest Asia
What is subsistence agriculture?
Production of food primarily for consumption by farmers family.
Where is subsistence agriculture mainly found?
LDCs
What is commercial agriculture?
Production of food primarily for sale off the farm.
Where is commercial agriculture mainly found?
MDCs
What 5 principal features distinguish commercial and subsistence agriculture?
Purpose of farming Percent of farmers in labor force Use of machinery Farm size Relationship with other businesses
___% of people in LDCs engage in subsistence agriculture.
50
__% of people in MDCs engage in commercial agriculture.
5
People were pushed away from farms because of lack of opportunity to earn _____ ______.
Decent income
Farmers were pulled to ____ _______ jobs in ______ areas.
Higher paying
Urban
Subsistence farmers do much of the work with ____ _____ and ______ _____.
Hand tools
Animal power
Commercial farmers rely on _________ to perform work.
Machinery
Most subsistence farms are very _____ in size.
Small
Commercial farms are relatively _____ in size, especially in the __ and ______.
Large
US
Canada
Commercial farming is _______ ____ to other businesses.
Closely tied
What is agribusiness?
The system of commercial farming found in the US and in MDCs.
What climate is shifting cultivation practiced?
Humid low-latitude climate regions
