Chapter 9 - Hyper-V storage - Do I know this already?

Question 1

Which of the following is not a tool that you can use to create a virtual hard disk?

a. diskpart
b. SAN Manager
c. Disk Management
d. PowerShell

Answer 1

b. SAN Manager

Question 2

How much space does a VHDX support?

a. 8 TB
b. 2 TB
c. 64 TB
d. 1 TB

Answer 2

c. 64 TB

Question 3

What cmdlet creates a new differencing disk?

a. New-DiffDisk
b. New-VHD
c. New-Diff
d. New-VHDDiff

Answer 3

b. New-VHD

Question 4

What type of checkpoint is the default for Windows Server 2016?

a. Standard
b. General
c. Production
d. Lab

Answer 4

c. Production

Question 5

What deployment scenarios does storage QoS support? Choose two.

a. Hyper-V using a Scale-Out File Server
b. Hyper-V using Generation 2 VMs
c. Hyper-V using virtual Fibre Channel
d. Hyper-V using Clustered Shared Volumes

Answer 5

a. Hyper-V using a Scale-Out File Server

d. Hyper-V using Clustered Shared Volumes

Question 6

In what type of storage QoS policy are the MinimumIOPS and the MaximumIOPS and Bandwidth shared among all flows assigned to the policy?

a. Shared
b. Dedicated
c. Grouped
d. Aggregated

Answer 6

d. Aggregated

Question 7

What is a Pass-through disk?

Answer 7

A disk that permits a VM access to the storage system of a host.

Question 8

What is a Differencing disk?

Answer 8

A virtual hard disk that stores only changes from parent virtual hard disk.

Question 9

What is a Shared virtual hard disk?

Answer 9

A virtual hard disk used by multiple VMs

Question 10

What is Storage Quality of Service?

Answer 10

New technology in Windows Server 2016 that enhances the IOPS of a virtual machine’s access storage.

Question 11

What option do you choose from the Actions pane in Hyper-V Manager to convert a VHD?

Answer 11

Edit Disk

Question 12

What type of checkpoint is designed for testing and development environments?

Answer 12

Standard checkpoint

Question 13

What cmdlet creates a new storage QoS policy?

Answer 13

New-StorageQosPolicy

Question 14

What is IOPS

Answer 14

Input-Output Operations per Second

Question 15

What is a Normalized IOPS?

Answer 15

A count of storage input-output operations per second

Question 16

What is a Flow?

Answer 16

Each file opened by a Hyper-V server to a virtual hard disk.

Question 17

What is InitiatorName?

Answer 17

The name of the virtual machine that is reported to Scale-out File Server for each flow

Question 18

What is Initiator ID?

Answer 18

An identifier that matches the virtual machine ID

Question 19

What is Policy?

Answer 19

A QoS object that is stored in the cluster database that has the following properties: PolicyId, MinimumIOPS, MaximumIOPS, ParentPolicy, and PolcyType

Question 20

What is PolicyId?

Answer 20

a unique identifier for a policy

Question 21

What is MinimumIOPS?

Answer 21

The minimum normalized IOPs that will be provided by a policy; a reservation

Question 22

What is MaximumIOPS?

Answer 22

The maximum normalized IOPs that will be limited by a policy; a limit

Question 23

What is Aggregated?

Answer 23

A policy type in which the specified MinimumIOPS, MaximumIOPS, and Bandwidth are shared among all flows assigned to a policy

Question 24

What is Dedicated?

Answer 24

A policy type in which the specified MinimumIOPS, MaximumIOPS, and Bandwidth are managed for an individual VHD/VHDX.

Question 25

What are the improvements available to VHDX?

Answer 25

• Because disk sizes may increase dramatically, a VHDX supports 64 TB, whereas the older VHD supports only 2 TB.
• The disk structure is improved to reduce the chances of problems when a host server suffers a power outage.
• The VHDX features much better storage alignment when used with large sector sizes.
• The VHDX allows a larger block size for dynamically expanding and differencing disks, which provides better performance for these workloads.

Question 26

How do you create a fixed size VHD?

Answer 26

Step 1. In Server Manager, select Tools > Hyper-V Manager.
Step 2. In the Actions pane, click New > Hard Disk.
Step 3. On the Before You Begin page of the New Virtual Hard Disk Wizard, click Next.
Step 4. On the Choose Disk Format page, select VHD or VHDX or VHD Set and then click Next
Step 5. On the Choose Disk Type page, choose Fixed size and then click Next.
Step 6. On the Specify Name and Location page, enter a name for the virtual hard disk, specify a folder to host the virtual hard disk file, and click Next.
Step 7. On the Configure Disk page, select one of the following options:
Create a new blank virtual hard disk of the specified size: Select this option for a new disk of any size and any purpose. Of course, the disk is empty of contents.
Copy the contents of a specified physical disk: Select this option to replicate an existing physical disk on the server as a virtual hard disk. The fixed-size hard disk will be the same size as the disk that you have replicated. Replicating an existing physical hard disk does not alter data on the existing disk.
Copy the contents of a specified virtual hard disk: Select this option to create a new fixed-size hard disk based on the contents of an existing virtual hard disk.

Question 27

What is the Powershell cmdlet to create a fixed VHD?

Answer 27

New-VHD and -Fixed

Question 28

How do you create a Pass-through disk?

Answer 28

Step 1. Ensure that the target hard disk is offline.
Step 2. Use the Hyper-V Manager to edit the existing virtual machine’s properties.
Step 3: Click an IDE or SCSI controller, click Add, and then click Hard Drive
Step 4. In the Hard Drive dialog box, select Physical Hard Disk. In the drop- down list box, select the disk that you want to use as the pass-through disk.

Question 29

What are some features of differencing disks?

Answer 29

• You can link multiple differencing disks to a single parent disk.
• When you modify a parent disk, all linked differencing disks fail.
• You can reconnect a differencing disk to the parent by using the Inspect Disk tool; this tool is available in the Actions pane of the Hyper-V Manager.
• You can use the Inspect Disk tool to locate a differencing disk’s parent disk.

Question 30

What is a Production Checkpoint?

Answer 30

This is a “point in time” image of the virtual machine. A production checkpoint can be restored later in a way that is supported by all workloads. A production checkpoint uses a backup technology inside the guest VM to create the checkpoint; note that this is an alternative to saved state technology.

Question 31

What is a standard Checkpoint?

Answer 31

This is a checkpoint that captures the state, data, and hardware configuration of a running virtual machine. Standard checkpoints are intended for use in development and testing scenarios; for example, you might use a standard checkpoint to re-create a specific state of a virtual machine so that you can further troubleshoot a scenario.

Question 32

What are some features of Storage QoS?

Answer 32

• It permits fairness improvements between VMs using the same file cluster.
• It allows policy-based minimum and maximum performance goals to be configured in units of normalized IOPs.
• It prevents single virtual machines from consuming all storage resources.
• You can view performance details of all running virtual machines and the configuration of the Scale-Out File Server cluster from a single location.
• It provides consistent performance to virtual machines, even in dense and overprovisioned environments.