Chapter 9- Heart Flashcards
Pericardium
The tough protective membrane surrounding the outside of the heart
What is Diastole and what valves are closed during it?
Period of relaxation in heart beat cycle
Valves closed: semi lunar valves
What is systole and valves are closed during it?
Period of contraction in heartbeat cycle
Valves closed: tricuspid, bicuspid
What is the temperature of blood?
About 38 degrees Celsius
Slightly higher than body temp
What is the endothelium
Outer structure of blood vessels
What is vasoconstriction and vasodilation
Occurs when muscles contract and relax
What type of blood do arteries carry?
Oxygen rich blood
Except pulmonary artery (CO2 rich)
What type of blood do veins carry?
Carbon Dioxide rich blood
Except pulmonary vein (O2 rich)
What are capillaries?
Connect smallest arteries to the smallest veins
What is pulmonary circulation?
Carries blood to and from the heart and lungs
What is systemic circulation?
Moved blood between heart and rest of body
What controls the blood flow?
One way Heart valves
What is special about a fish, amphibian, and reptiles septums?
Their septum isn’t complete
What creatures have complete septums?
Mammals and birds
What makes lub noise in heart beat?
Contraction of atrium (SA node sending signal)
What makes dub noise is heart beat?
Contraction of ventricles (AV node shoots)
Trace the blood from the superior and inferior vena cava veins through the circulatory system back to them
SVC/IVC to Right atrium to tricuspid valve to right ventricle to PSLV to pulmonary artery to lungs to pulmonary veins to Left atrium to bicuspid valve to ASLV to Aorta artery to body to SVC/IVC
Describe blood in right side of heart
Rich in carbon dioxide and goes to lungs
Describe blood in left side of heart
Oxygen rich blood and goes to rest of body
Trace the blood from the superior and inferior vena cava veins through the circulatory system back to them
SVC/IVC to Right atrium to tricuspid valve to right ventricle to PSLV to pulmonary artery to lungs to pulmonary veins to Left atrium to bicuspid valve to ASLV to Aorta artery to body to SVC/IVC
Describe blood in right side of heart
Rich in carbon dioxide and goes to lungs
Describe blood in left side of heart
Oxygen rich blood and goes to rest of body
What causes heart attack?
Plaque build up in coronary arteries
What are the 3 ways to repair a vein?
- Antioplasty
- Stents
- Bypass
What is hemoglobin?
A pigment in red blood cells that increases amount of oxygen blood can carry
What is the cymphatic system
Returns excess fluid from intercelluar spaces to blood
How are the five aortic arches the same as the human heart?
They pump blood throughout the earthworm like our heart does
What is the difference between coronary circulation and renal circulation?
Coronary supplies blood to the heart while renal carries blood to and from the kidneys
