chapter 9- fungi and algae Flashcards
gametangia
a specialized organ or cell in which gametes are formed
dikaryotic
A hypha occurring after sexual reproduction. each contains 2 nuclei from each parent.
Basidiomycetes
club fungi
a phylum of Fungi… have a basidia
parasite
An organism that lives off another and benefits while its host suffers
Ascomycetes
Sac fungi
a phylum of fungi… have an ascus
ex. molds, yeasts
Hypha
each of the branching filaments that make up the mycelium
mycorrhiza
A fungus that grows in association with the roots of a plant (symbiotic)
sporophyte
asexual and usually diploid phase
zygote
A diploid cell from the fusion of two haploid gametes
red algae
a group of algae that includes many seaweeds
(mainly red in colour)
ex.agar
Spirogyra
A filamentous freshwater green algae containing spiral bands of chloroplast
zygomycetes
Phylum of fungi…
have a sporangium
ex.bread molds
spore
reproductive unit (reproduces withought sexual reproduction)
mycelium
the vegetative part of a fungus, consisting of a network of hyphae
chlamydomonas
a common single called green algae that lives in water and mouse soil and typically has two flagella for swimming
3 reasons why fungus were classified as plants
- have a cell wall
- quite often body parts anchored in the ground ( immobile)
- will reproduce by means of spore production (asexual)
3 reasons why fungus are not classified as plants
- do not photosynthesize
- are heterotrophic, digestion is extracellular by the secretion of enzymes ( absorbs nutrients)
- Are not anchored in the ground by a true root structure
4 reasons why fungi can be helpful or harmful to other living things
- decay food
- causes diseases and infections ex.athlete’s foot
- recycle by decomposing dead organic matter( return nutrients back into ecosystem)
- used to produce yeast, bread, alcohol
what is a lichen?who is involved?
Lichen—> a simple slow growing plant that forms a low Christlike, leaflike or branching growth on rocks, walls and trees. formed from a symbiotic relationship of algae + fungus
alternation of generation?
the cycle of plants
two contributions made by algae to the environment
- primary food producers in most aquatic food webs globally
2. supply 67% of global supply of oxygen
4 main types of algae
- chlamydomonas-single called( mitosis like division)
- spirogyra-filamentous shaped ( long strands)
- ulva( sea lettuce)-shows alternation of a life cycle
- Volvex-colonial green algae
