Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANTH 1101: Introduction to Primatology and Human Evolution > Chapter 9 - From Tree Shrew to An Ape > Flashcards

Chapter 9 - From Tree Shrew to An Ape Flashcards

1
Q

what major extinction event occurred 252 million years ago?

A

Permian-Triassic e.v.
- aka: “the great dying”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what happened during the Permian-Triassic e.v.?

A

volcanic eruptions resulting in 90% of all species being wiped out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what period followed the Permian-Triassic e.v.?

A

the Triassic period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what species dominated during the Triassic period?

A

Therapsids (warm blooded, furred creatures)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what period followed the Triassic period?

A

the Jurassic period (dinosaurs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what period followed the Jurassic period?

A

the Cretaceous period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what extinction event happened 66 million years ago?

A

the Cretaceous-Paleogene e.g.
- aka “K-Pg”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what happened during the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction?

A

a meteorite struck earth, wiping out the dinosaurs and the mammals underwent adaptive radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what two factors influenced change in earth’s environments over time?

A
  1. continental drift
  2. climate change
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what temperature trend have we seen over the last 20 million years?

A

a cooling and drying trend

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what era follows the Cretaceous period? (and we are in now?)

A

the Cenozoic Era
- aka “the age of mammals”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the 7 epochs within the Cenozoic Era?

A
  1. Paleocene
  2. Eocene
  3. Oligocene
  4. Miocene
  5. Pliocene
  6. Pleistocene
  7. Holocene
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what epoch showed the first primates?

A

the Paleocene epoch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what was significant about the Eocene epoch?

A

the first haplorrhines and strepsirrhines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what epoch is associated with simiiformes?

A

the Oligocene epoch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what was significant about the Miocene epoch?

A

the first fossils of apes “the age of apes” in Africa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what epoch showed the first hominins?

A

the Pliocene epoch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what was significant about the Pleistocene epoch?

A

showed the first anatomically modern humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what epoch are we in now?

A

the Holocene epoch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what epoch was known for erratic temperatures?

A

the Pleistocene epoch

21
Q

what importance do deep sea cores have?

A

they show records of past climate and geology

22
Q

what importance do oxygen isotopes have?

A

they show records of past climate, there is a higher O18:O16 ratio in colder climates

23
Q

what type of anthropologists study fossils?

A

paleoanthropologists

24
Q

what is Radio-Carbon Dating?

A

using radioactive forms of carbon to date fossils, only effective within 60 000 years

25
Q

what is an isotope?

A

different forms of the same element based on the number of neutrons

26
Q

what is a half life?

A

half of the time it takes for half of a material to decay

27
Q

what does potassium-argon dating involve?

A

it uses volcanic rocks surrounding fossils

28
Q

what is an indirect dating method?

A

testing the materials surrounding a fossil rather than the fossil itself

29
Q

what is uranium-lead dating?

A

uses cave flow stones to determine the age of material

30
Q

what is the method of thermoluminescence?

A

testing of the last time a material was heated/exposed to light

31
Q

what is the method of electron spin resonance?

A

testing the last time a material was exposed to radiation

32
Q

what is the method of paleomagnetic dating?

A

detects shifts in the magnetic field

33
Q

what is the method of biostratigraphy?

A

sequences of species buried, that can tell us when a species lived in comparison to others buried there

34
Q

what are Plesiadapiforms?

A
  • small species with primate like traits from North America
35
Q

what is the Arboreal Hypothesis?

A

the idea that primates evolved for life in the trees (e.g. grasping hands, binocular vision)

36
Q

what is the Angiosperm Hypothesis?

A

the idea that flowering plants and primates co-evolved

37
Q

what is the Visual Predation Hypothesis?

A

the idea that primates evolved to catch insects (e.g. enhanced vision, grasping hands)

38
Q

what are Adapids?

A

strepsirrhine ancestors (lemurs), diurnal, quadrupedal, larger than Omomyids

39
Q

what are Omomyids?

A

haplorrhine ancestors (tarsiers), nocturnal

40
Q

describe the Aegyptopithecus

A

frugivore, sexually dimorphic, 2123 dental formula, arboreal, quadruped (a haplorrhine)

41
Q

what are the new world vs old world monkeys?

A

new world: platyrrhines
old world and apes: catarrhines

42
Q

how did old world monkeys and apes differentiate during the Miocene epoch?

A

apes became rare, and old world monkeys became plentiful

43
Q

what is the Proconsul?

A

the earliest ape ancestor
-> no tail, quadrupedal, frugivore

44
Q

what is the earliest ape ancestor?

A

Proconsul

45
Q

what is Morotopithecus?

A

one of the earliest ape ancestors

46
Q

when did the last common ancestor of humans, chimpanzees and gorillas live?

A

8-10 million years ago

47
Q

when did the last common ancestor of humans, bonobos, and chimpanzees live?

A

8-5 million years ago

48
Q

who may have been an ancestor of Orangutans?

A

Sivapithecus

ANTH 1101: Introduction to Primatology and Human Evolution (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions