Chapter 9

Question 1

What is the definition of the cell cycle?

Answer 1

Series of events that take place in a call as it grows and divides

Question 2

Cell division results in two daughter cells that contain what kind of genetic material?

Answer 2

identical genetic material

Question 3

Cell division of prokaryotes?

Answer 3

binary fission

Question 4

What are the various functions of mitotic cell division in animals and in other
organisms?

Answer 4

protists, plants, fungi, animals: asexual reproduction
plants, fungi: gamete (reproductive cell)

Question 5

Genome

Answer 5

all a cell’s DNA
- packaged to chromosomes

Question 6

Chromosomes

Answer 6

complex of DNA and protein

Question 7

Chromatin

Answer 7

uncondensed form of chromosome

Question 8

prokaryotes

Answer 8

1 chromosome

Question 9

How many chromosomes are in body cells? How many sets? Does this include body cells?

Answer 9

46 chromosomes, 2 sets of 23

Question 10

What are gametes? How many chromosomes are in gametes?

Answer 10

Gametes are reproductive cells (sperm/eggs)
There are 23 chromosomes

Question 11

What are sister chromatids?

Answer 11

two identical copies of the same chromosome

Question 12

How does cell division in a chromosome work?

Answer 12

1) DNA is replicated and chromosomes condense
2) Chromosomes are duplicated there are 2 sister chromatids - copies of each original chromosome
3) Cell division - chromatids seperate

Question 13

What is the first part of cell division?

Answer 13

Interphase
G1 phase
S phase
G2 Phase

Question 14

What happens in G1:

Answer 14

Normal functional roles, increase protein synthesis, doubling cell size, double number of organelles

Question 15

What happens in S:

Answer 15

DNA synthesis (sister chromatids)
1 chromosome, 1 DNA molecule makes 1 chromosome but 2 identical DNA molecules

Question 16

What happens in G2:

Answer 16

Centriole replication:
1. Chromosomes are duplicated in nucleolus - known as chromatin
2. Two centrosomes form help organize microtubues that help spindle to pull apart

Question 17

What are the stages of mitosis?

Answer 17

prophase
prometaphase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase

Question 18

Goal of mitosis?

Answer 18

making two exact daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell

Question 19

1) Prophase

Answer 19

• chromosomes condense
• sister chromatids linked by centromeres
• nucleolus disappears
• miotic spindle forms

Question 20

2) Prometaphase

Answer 20

• nuclear envelope breaks up
• kinetochore formed at centromere 2 per chromosome
• miotic spindles bind at kinetochore

Question 21

3) Metaphase

Answer 21

“meet in the middle”
- chromosomes at metaphase plate

Question 22

4) Anaphase

Answer 22

• Sister chromatids part
• Daughter chromosomes move to opposite poles of cell
• kinetochore shorten
• nokinetochore lengthen

Question 23

Telophase

Answer 23

• 2 daughter nuclei form in cell
• spindle microtubules depolymerized
• mitosis complete (division of one nucleus into two nuclei)