Chapter 14 bioogy

Question 1

Describe concept of genetic code

Question 2

explain how codons specify for amino acids, direction, how read

Question 3

describe steps of transcription

Answer 3

1) initiation: RNA polymerase binds to promoter, DNA unwinds, and RNA synthesis begins
2) elongation: polymerase moves, unwinds DNA in 5 to 3 DNA , RNA nucleotides joined on 3 end
3) termination: RNA transcript release, polymerase detaches

Question 4

summarize parts of RNA procssing and functions

Answer 4

pre-mRNA modified before dispatched to cytoplasm - interior can be cut out but remainder is spliced together
5’ end receives 5’ cap
3’ end - poly A tail
export mRNA to cytoplasm

Question 5

Describe what occurs during RNA processing and its functions

Question 6

RNA splicing

Answer 6

rna splicing carried out by spliceosomes - consist of proteins and small RNAs - cut out areas you don’t need
introns removed exons remain

Question 7

components of translation and function

Question 8

translation

Question 9

occurs after translation

Question 10

types of mutations