Chapter 9 Energy Flashcards
Energy that depends on the position of an object or on the positions of an object’s constituent parts.
Potential Energy
The form of energy associated with motion. The kinetic energy of an object in motion is given by KE =1/2mass x speed2.
Kinetic Energy
A name given to the kinetic or potential energy of large, macroscopic objects.
Mechanical Energy
Energy hidden with in matter, manifest in temperature, burning or explosion.
Internal Energy
Energy stored in an object, with the potential to fall.
Gravitational Potential Energy
Energy = 1/2 mass x speed2
Kinetic energy at low speed.
energy = weight x height
Gravitational potential energy formula
Energy transferred to or from an object
Work
Total kinetic energy of random motion in material.
Thermal energy
Perpetual motion machine that keeps moving forever with no energy added.
Perpetual Motion Machine
Transmission of electrical charge or heat through a conduction medium with out motion
Conduction
Energy is moved by being stored in matter as internal energy, them moving matter from one place to another.
Convection
Energy is moved in the form of light or x-rays, gamma rays, microwaves…
Radiation
Energy associated with physical and chemical states of matter. Example: car battery
Chemical potential energy
Internal energy associated with stretching or compressing material.
Elastic potential energy
Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom.
Nuclear potential energy
Depends on an object’s position.
potential energy
Depends on the position and motion of the object on the atomic scale.
internal energy
Weight times height.
gravitational potential energy
Depends on the position and motion of the whole object
mechanical energy
Moving an object in the direction of an applied force.
work
Something that keeps moving forever without any energy being added.
perpetual motion machine
Depends on an object’s motion.
kinetic energy
Energy moves through direct contact.
conduction
Heat is transferred when the hot material moves around.
convection
Direct transfer of heat form one place to another without any need for intervening matter.
radiation
Energy associated with chemical bonds.
chemical potential energy
Depends on the position of atoms and molecules .
elastic potential energy
Depends on the position of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
nuclear potential energy
Speed plays a more significant role than mass in determining an object’s kinetic energy.
true
Gravitational potential energy decreases as the distance between two objects increases.
false
If an object remains stationary then no work is being done on it.
true
In the process of conduction, both matter and energy are exchanged.
false
The closer the protons and neutrons are to each other, the lower the nuclear potential energy.
true
Mass and energy are really two ways of measuring the same thing.
true
The heat you feel on your face from a campfire when the surrounding air is cold is an example of radiation.
true
Energy can be defined as
both of the above
If you move two positively charged objects closer together, then electrical potential energy
increases
Two objects with opposite charges are brought closer together. Electrical potential energy
decreases
As you dribble a basketball, which of the following quantities is/are conserved?
total energy
If an object has kinetic energy, then it must be
moving
Work is always done on an object when
a force acts on an object which is moving in the direction of the force
As you are skiing downhill, which of the following must be true?
Your gravitational potential energy decreases
“Pair production” demonstrates which of the following?
Conservation of mass-energy.
