Chapter 9: Digestive System Flashcards
Hydrolyze means to:
BREAK DOWN
Exocrine Glands:
Glands secrete INTO DUCTS. Endocrine would be glands secreting into blood stream.
Salivary Gland
glands that make saliva
Enzyme Salivary Amylase
catalyzes the break down of starch.
Optimal pH
the point where the enzyme is most active.
Movement of the GI tract:
Peristalsis
Absorption of monomers:
Villi
Define Elimination:
the removal of indigestible waste. This is defecation
Pharynx:
Leads to the lungs, mouth and nasal passages lead to pharynx.
Esophagus
Leads to stomach
Schpincters:
muscles that encircle tubers and act like valves
characteristics of the stomach:
- J-shapes
- stores food
- starts protein digestion(pepsin)
- rugae
- gastric glands
- chyme
Small Intestine is named after its:
small diameter, not its length.
Three regions to the small intestine:
- duodenum
- jejunum
- ileum
Nutrients are absorbed in the:
Finger like Villi. They give a fuzzy appearance. Brush border that contains brush border enzymes.
Lacteal:
Lymphatic Capillary
Chylomicrons=
lipoproteins
Accessory organs and regulation of secretions:
Pancreas
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas function:
secretes digestive enzymes through a duct called duodenum.
Function of liver:
Blood from stomach and intestines pass through the liver and breaks down the blood to create nutrients.
Liver makes ____
bile which is stored in the gall bladder
What emulsifies fat?
bile
Define Secretin:
hormone released in the bloodstream by duodenum.
Gastrin:
hormone produced by āGā cells in the lining of stomach and upper small intestine that is released into blood circulation.
Functions of Large Intestine:
Dehydrates and creates feces
