Chapter 9- Collapse of democracy 1928-33

Question 1

Great Depression

Answer 1

24th October 1929
New York stock exchange crashed. value of largest American companies fell by $10 Billion

Question 2

impacts of Great Depression on Germany

Answer 2

-US stopped giving loans
-Political violence on the streets
-Support for extremist groups rose
-Between 1929 and 1932, Germany’s industrial production fell by 58%

Question 3

2 main issues for Germany as a result of Great Depression

Answer 3

US stopped loaning money to Germany. they were pretty much solely relying on the loans from the Dawes plan.

Support for extremist parties grew. was likely going to launch Germany into a very left wing or right wing government.

Question 4

Specific example of economic impact of GD on Brand-Erbisdorff

Answer 4

Brand-Erbisdorf was a small town near Dresden
centre for glass-making
by 1931, nearly half the town was receiving welfare payments. but since most of unemployed people had been unemployed for over 2 years they didnt qualify for national welfare.

Question 5

Who led the Grand Coalition

Answer 5

Heinrich Brüning. leader of the centre party.
he was appointed by Hindenburg for the role

Question 6

in 1930, how many laws were passed by the Reichstag and how many by Decree

Answer 6

Reichstag- 98
decree- 5

Question 7

in 1932, how many laws were passed by the Reichstag and how many by decree

Answer 7

Reichstag- 5
decree- 66

Question 8

Which party did Brüning’s Government exclude and why is this significant?

Answer 8

The SPD, which was the largest party.
Brüning could therefore not a get a majority in the Reichstag and had to rely on passing laws through decree

Question 9

Brüning’s response to Great Depression

Answer 9

cut expenditure and raise taxes in order to balance the budget

Question 10

September 1930 Reichstag election (specific stats + significance)

Answer 10

SPD- 143 seats
NSDAP- 107 seats
KPD- 77 seats

communists gained over a million votes (mostly taken from SPD)
Nazi gained from 12 seats to 107 seats. made them the second largest party
Political power in Weimar had clearly switched from RS to pres and his advisors.

Question 11

What areas of Germany did the Nazis target as no other party was doing this

Answer 11

Rural areas

Question 12

Volksgenmeinchaft

Answer 12

Peoples community. Only Aryans could be citizens of the state. in the community, no class and equal opportunity.

Question 13

Anti-semetism

Answer 13

Being racist to Jewish people and treating them unfairly.

Hitler saw Jews as being responsible for all Germany’s problems

Question 14

Fuhrerprinzip

Answer 14

Dictatorship
this says that democracy doesn’t work because there are too many people. 1 person at the top who approves is the only way.
The Fuhrerprinzip is what the Nazi party has been based on since 1925

Question 15

who hated the Nazis

Answer 15

Upper classes
catholics
socialists/communists

Question 16

Who voted for the Nazis

Answer 16

Protestants
right wing voters
Anti-democratic people
farmers/rural communities
Mittelstand
Racists/ablists
Youth
Those who suffered during economic crisis

Question 17

Role of Propaganda

Answer 17

Joseph Goebbels was the Reich Propaganda chief. he was really good at his Job
Nazis were backed by big German businessmen like Thyssen and Hugenberg- gave propaganda money to spread
Nazi propaganda adapted their message for different groups in society

Question 18

Role of Hitler’s speeches

Answer 18

He would often talk for hours in speeches and was able to tailor his message to any audience