Chapter 20- Policies towards the Jews 1940-41 Flashcards
Einsatzgruppen
SS mobile killing units targeting Jews in occupied territories.
Ghettoes
Segregated urban areas for Jews before deportation.
Deportations
Forced removals of Jews to ghettos and camps.
Madagascar plan
Early Nazi proposal to deport Jews to Madagascar, later abandoned.
General government area
Nazi-controlled area of East Poland where many Jews were deported.
Babi Yai Massacre
33,000 Jews killed by Einsatzgruppen in Ukraine (1941).
Warsaw Ghetto
Established 1940
Largest ghetto, housing 400,000+ Jews in dire conditions.
Warsaw Ghetto uprising 1943
Armed Jewish resistance against Nazis, brutally crushed.
Lodz Ghetto est 1940
First major ghetto in Poland, heavily industrialized for forced labor.
Lodz Ghetto Leader – Rumkowski led the Judenrat, controversially cooperating with Nazis.
Operation Reinhard 1942
Nazi plan to exterminate Jews in the General Government, leading to the creation of Treblinka, Sobibor, and Belzec death camps.
Jewish population in Ghettoes
By 1942, over 2 million Jews confined in ghettos.
Mass Graves
Einsatzgruppen massacres often involved mass shootings, with bodies buried in pits.
Jewish resistance in Ghettoes
Groups like ZOB (Jewish Fighting Organization) and ZZW (Jewish Military Union) formed in ghettos like Warsaw to resist Nazi deportations.
Jewish rations in Ghettoes
Daily rations in Warsaw 184 calories per Jew.
Jewish population of Warsaw Ghetto
Over 400,000 Jews crammed into 1.3 square miles
Liquidation of the Ghettoes
From 1942, ghettos were systematically emptied, with residents deported to extermination camps like Treblinka and Auschwitz.
Einsatzgruppen kill count end of 1942
over 1.3 million Jews across Eastern Europe by the end of 1942.
