Chapter 9: Chemical Reactions Flashcards
Chemical Reaction
Process through which elements combine or re-combine to form new compounds
Signs Of Chemical Reaction
- Sound
- Light
- Change in temperature
- Production of gas
- Color change
- Odor production
Chemical Equations
Concise representations of chemical reactions
Reactants
What goes into a chemical reaction
Products
What is created in a chemical reaction
Coefficients
Ratio of substances in reaction
Subscripts
Number of atoms of each element in molecule
Skeleton Equation
Unbalanced equation, only show reactants and products but doesn’t follow Law of Conservation of Matter
Balanced Equation
Uses coeffcients to satisfy Law of Conservation of Matter
Chemical Reaction Types:
Synthesis, decompsition, single replacement, double replacement, combustion, & neutraliziation
Synthesis
Two or more subatances react to form one product; A+B–>AB
Decomposition
One substance breaks down into two or more substances; AB–>A+B
Single Replacement
An element plus a compound create a different element and a different compound; A+BC–>B+AC
Double Replacement
Two ionic compounds exchange ions to create two new ionic compounds; AB+CD–>AD+BD
Combustion
Generally rapid reactions that produce a flame, most often involving hydrocarbons reacting with oxygen in the air to form carbon dioxide and water; (C)X(H)Y+O2–>CO2+H2O
Neutralization
Strong acid + strong base; HX+YOH–>YX+H2O
Solvent
Substance doing the dissolving
Solute
Substance being dissolved
Dissociation
Process which dissolves an ionic substance in water, pulling out the individual ions from the crystal and solvating them; molecular molecules do not dissociate in water
Complete Ionic Equation
Breaks all aqueous compounds into ions
Net Ionic Equation
Spectator ions removed, # atoms balanced, charges balanced
Spectator Ions
Substances that remain unchanged during reaction
