Chapter 3: Matter: Properties and Change

Question 1

Properties Of Matter

Answer 1

Characteristics that can be observed

Question 2

Extensive Properties

Answer 2

Change with size of sample
Ex: Length, mass, volume

Question 3

Intensive Properties

Answer 3

Do not change with sample size; Used to identify material
Ex: Density, boiling point, melting point

Question 4

Chemical Properties

Answer 4

Describe how a substance may or may not react with other materials
Ex: Explosive, flammable, reactive, inert (non-reactive)

Question 5

Physical Properties

Answer 5

Properties of substance all by itself
Ex: Chemical composition, physical state, appearance, melting point, boiling point

Question 6

Solid (Shape & Volume)

Answer 6

Fixed shape, fixed volume

Question 7

Liquid (Shape & Volume)

Answer 7

Variable shape, fixed volume

Question 8

Gas (Shape & Volume)

Answer 8

Variable shape, variable volume

Question 9

Vapor

Answer 9

Gas that co-exists with its solid or liquid phase

Question 10

Chemical Change

Answer 10

New substances are formed, atoms form new arrangements; usually irreversible

Question 11

Physical Change

Answer 11

No new substances formed; often reversible

Question 12

Melting/Fusion

Answer 12

Solid–>Liquid

Question 13

Sublimation

Answer 13

Solid–>Gas

Question 14

Deposition

Answer 14

Gas–>Solid

Question 15

Freezing

Answer 15

Liquid–>Solid

Question 16

Condensation

Answer 16

Gas–>Liquid

Question 17

Vaporization/Evaporation

Answer 17

Liquid–>Gas

Question 18

Substance

Answer 18

Uniform composition

Question 19

Mixture

Answer 19

2 or more substances in variable ratios

Question 20

Solution

Answer 20

Homogenous mixtures

Question 21

Element

Answer 21

One type of atom

Question 22

Compound

Answer 22

2 or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio

Question 23

Homogenous Mixture

Answer 23

All parts look the same

Question 24

Heterogenous Mixture

Answer 24

Some parts look different (clumps, layers, bubbles, etc.)

Question 25

Evidence Of Chemical Change

Answer 25

1. Sound
2. Heat
3. Color change
4. Evolution of a gas
5. Formation of a precipitate

Question 26

Law Of Conservation Of Mass

Answer 26

Mass reactants = mass products

Question 27

Filtration

Answer 27

Separation based upon differences in particle size

Question 28

Distillation

Answer 28

Separation based upon differences in boiling point

Question 28

Crystallization

Answer 28

Separation based upon differences in solubility

Question 28

Chromatography

Answer 28

Separation based upon differences in polarity of molecules

Question 29

Sublimation

Answer 29

Separation based upon differences in vaporization

Question 30

Allotropes

Answer 30

Different forms of the same element

Question 31

Law Of Definite Proportions

Answer 31

Compounds have 2 or more elements in a set ratio

Question 32

Law Of Multiple Proportions

Answer 32

If 2 elements can combine in different ratios, each ratio represents a different compound

Question 33

Periodic Table

Answer 33

Arranges elements by atomic number

Question 34

Periods

Answer 34

Rows on Periodic Table; Atoms with same number of electron layers

Question 35

Groups/Families

Answer 35

Columns on Periodic Table; Elements with same number of electrons in outer layer; gives those elements similar chemical properties