Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration Flashcards
How many calories of heat energy does 1 gram of glucose plus oxygen release
3811 calories
Food provides
Our bodies with the raw materials for building cells and body parts, but most if all, food stores as our source of energy
What is a calorie
The amount if energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius
How many calories is a Calorie
1000
kilocalorie
A cell uses the calorie energy in glucose by
2
Breaking glucose apart
Transferring the released energy to ATP
What is cellular respiration
3
The process that releases energy by breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen
3 stages
C6H12O6+6O2—-> 6CO2+6H2O+38ATP
What is glycolysis
4
The process in which glucose is broken in half
Anaerobic
Cytoplasm
2 ATP
What is the kreb cycles
4
The cycle in which both pyruvic acids are broken down
Aerobic
Mitochondria
Produces 2 ATP
What is the electron transport chain
3
Aerobic
Occurs in mitochondria
Produces 34 ATP
What is fermentation
Occurs when cells obtain energy from the breakdown of glucose in the absence of oxygen
What are the 2 types of fermentation
Alcoholic and lactic acid
Alcoholic fermentation
3
Mostly used by yeast
Pyruvic acid is converted to alcohol and carbon dioxide
Very inefficient only 2 ATPs produced
Lactic acid fermentation
5
Mostly muscle cells
During intense exercise so not enough oxygen goes to the cells
Causes burning Cramping and soreness in muscle
Reversible
Very inefficient 2 ATPs produced
