Chapter 12 And 10

Question 0

Discovered DNA stores and transfers genetic info

Answer 0

Avery

Question 1

Showed genetic info passes from one cell to another

Answer 1

Griffith

Question 2

Confirmed genetic material is DNA

Answer 2

Hershey and chase

Question 3

Showed DNA as a double helix

Answer 3

Franklin

Question 4

Built first model of DNA

Answer 4

Watson and crick

Question 5

Chargiff’s rule

Answer 5

A=T G=C

Question 6

Building block of DNA

Answer 6

Nucleotide

Question 7

3 parts of a nucleotide

Answer 7

Deoxyribose sugar. Phosphate group. Nitrogen bases

Question 8

2 categories of nitrogen bases

Answer 8

Purines and pyrimidines

Question 9

2 purines

Answer 9

Adenine guanine

Question 10

2 pyrimidines

Answer 10

Thymine and cytosine

Question 11

Shape of DNA

Answer 11

Double helix twisted ladder

Question 12

Make up sides of DNA ladder

Answer 12

Deoxyribose sugar and phosphate

Question 13

Holds nitrogen bases together

Answer 13

Weak hydrogen bonds

Question 14

Where nitrogen bases branch from sides of ladder

Answer 14

Deoxyribose

Question 15

Base pairing rule

Answer 15

Adenine to thymine and cytosine to guanine

Question 16

The process by which DNA is copied

Answer 16

DNA replication

Question 17

Step 1 of DNA replication

Answer 17

DNA double helix unwinds

Question 18

Step 2

Answer 18

Enzymes break hydrogen bonds separating DNA into 2

Question 19

Step 3

Answer 19

Each 1/2 serves as a template for new complimentary strand

Question 20

Step 4

Answer 20

Free nucleotide match to halves by an enzyme called DNA polymerase

Question 21

Step 5

Answer 21

2 identical DNAs are formed

Question 22

Problems when cell is too big

Answer 22

Difficult to transport nutrients and wastes

Question 23

Initiates cell division

Answer 23

The nucleus

Question 24

Longest part of the cell cycle

Answer 24

Interphase 90%

Question 25

3 steps of interphase

Answer 25

G1 S G2

Question 26

Cell grows DNA is chromatin

Answer 26

G1

Question 27

When DNA replication occurs

Answer 27

S

Question 28

Sister chromatids

Answer 28

2 identical lengths of DNA

Question 29

Centromeres

Answer 29

Holds chromatin together

Question 30

When organelles replicate

Answer 30

G2

Question 31

Mitosis

Answer 31

Nuclear division

Question 32

4 phases of mitosis

Answer 32

Prophase metaphase Anaphase telophase

Question 33

Difference in plant and animal cells

Answer 33

Animal- centrioles

Question 34

When spindle forms chromosomes are visible as sister chromatids nuclear membrane disappears

Answer 34

Prophase

Question 35

Metaphase

Answer 35

Chromosomes line up at the middle of the cell

Question 36

Anaphase

Answer 36

Centromeres split and chromosomes travel 2 opposite poles

Question 37

When chromosomes spread out spindle disappears. Nucleotide reappears

Answer 37

Telophase

Question 38

Forms 2 new nuclear membranes

Answer 38

ER

Question 39

Cytokinesis

Answer 39

Division of cytoplasm

Question 40

Cytokinesis in animals

Answer 40

Cytoplasm pinched together

Question 41

Cytokinesis in plants

Answer 41

Cell plate forms that becomes cell wall

Question 42

Protein that regulates timing of cell cycle

Answer 42

Cyclins

Question 43

Cancer

Answer 43

Uncontrollable growth of the cell resulting in tumors

Question 44

Damaged caused by cancer

Answer 44

Damage surrounding tissue. Break loose and to spread to other parts of the body. Disrupt normal cell activities

Question 45

Defective gene

Answer 45

Halts the cell cycle

Question 46

Stem cells

Answer 46

Unspecialized cells that can differentiate