Chapter 9 - Cardiac Physiology Flashcards
What are the three basic components of the heart and what is their function?
- Heart: provides pressure.
- Blood: transports.
- Vessels: passage ways.
Blood travels through two separate vascular loops. What are they?
- Pulmonary- a closed loop between the heart and the lungs.
- Systemic- vessels between the heart and the body.
Arteries carry blood ______ while veins carry blood _______ the heart
Away
To
How do skeletal muscles aid venous return?
They help pump veins to overcome gravity
What structure permits flow of blood toward the heart while preventing backflow
Veinous valves
What is varicose veins?
When the valves stop working and blood pools around affected area
Compare and contrast parallel and series blood flow
Week eight slide 24
Series: The blood flows through the systemic circut then pulmonary before returning to the heart
Parallel: blood doesn not neet to flow through all components before returning. This is seen in organs. All organs recieve blood not in a series
Both sides of the heart pump at the same time
True/false
T
The left side of the heart pumps, more blood than the right
True/false
F
The right side pumps to pulmonary, which is ______ pressure and _______ resistance.
Low and low
which side of the heart has thicker muscle?
Left
Which system has high pressure and high resistance
Left/systemic
_______ ensures blood flows in the right direction through the heart
Heart valve
What kind of valves are the right AV and left AV valve?
R: tricuspid
L: bicuspid
What are some specialized structures that prevent valves from everting?
CHordae Tendinea: holds the valves, enclosed position against high ventricular pressure
Papillary Methods: contracts with ventricles, pulling down on chordae
This prevents backflow from ventricles into atria during ventricular contraction
atroiventricular valves
Valves prevent blood from backflowing into ventricles by contracting
True/false
F
This occurs when the valves relax
List all the valves
Right AV, Left AV, aortic semilunar, pulmonary semilunar
Describe how blood flows through the heart
Week eight slide 29
What are the three distinct layers of the heart?
Endothelium, myocardium and epicardium
A specialized cell type that lines the entire circulatory system is known as
A. Epithelium.
B. Endothelium.
C. Epicardium.
D. Endocardium.
B
How is the myocardium arranged on the heart?
In a spiral form around the circumference of the heart
Red describe structure of cardiac muscle
Week eight slide 30
What holds neighboring cardio muscle cells together
desmosomes
