Chapter 5- Central Nervous System Flashcards
**
The central nervous system contains (mark all that apply)…
a. brain
b. sensory organs
c. spinal cord
d. afferent division
e. efferent division
f. viceral stimuli
a and c
Fibers with information between the CNS and the rest of the body
a. PNS
b. afferent division
c. efferent division
d. CNS
a
Efferent division carries signals towards the CNS
true/false
F
What are the 2 main paths of the efferent division of the CNS
a. fight and flight
b. parasympathetic and sympathetic
c. voluntary and involuntary
d. activations and regulation
c
Skeletal muscles are _____
a. enteric
b. part of the PNS
c. voluntary
d. C and B
d.
which of the muscles are involuntary?
a. smooth
b. enteric
c. skeletal
d. a and b
a
Describe the differance between sympathetic and parasympathetic
The para. is the rest/digest system. The symp. is the fight or flight system
The enteric nervous system only applies to the endocrine system
true/false
fasle is applies to the digestive system
The enteric nervous system can be 100% independant
true/false
T
The # of enteric neurons is ( ) to the # of spinal cord neurons
a. equal
b. higher
c. lower
d. It is unknown
b
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The ENS can be modulated by the autonomic system or local signals
true\false
false it can be controlled by hormones not local signals
(____) cell bodies & axons are within the PNS
a. afferent
b. effrent
c. eneteric
d. somatic
a.
Draw an afferent Neuron
week 6 slide 11
Draw an efferent Neuron
week 6 slide 12
Efferent neurons carry information (——-) the CNS
away
Effernt neurons have (—) axon/s if it is a sympathetic nerve
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
a.
Efferent neurons have (—) axon/s if it is an autonomic nerve
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
b.
Efferent axon terminals meet up with (——)
effector organs
The most abundant type of neuron is ….
a. effernt
b. inertneurons
c. afferent
d. they are all equal
b.
where are interneurons found?
a. somatic nervous system
b. autonomic nervous system
c. central nervous system
d. peripheral nervous system
c
draw how a signal travels (include all neurons involved)
week 6 slide 13
list the types of supporting cells in the nervous system
astrocytes, microglia, ependymal
which is not a role of the glial cell astrocyte
a. align spactial relationships between neurons
b. provide structure and format for developing neurons
c. help degrade the blood brain barrier to take up nutrients
d. absorb extra K+ floating in the ECF in the brain
c.
why is there so much extra K+ in the brain compared to other organs?
brain has the most synapses so there is a lot of risk of too much K+ flow into the ECF which can mess with membrane potential
which of the glial cells are considered the immune cells of the CNS?
a. ependymal
b. microglia
c. astrocytes
d. oligodentrocytes
b
what are the states that microglia exist?
stimulated and unstimulated
describe the shape of each state of microglia
unstimulated are long and whispy while the stimulated are round
what role do unstimulated microglia play in the CNS?
a. phagocytosis
b. release cytokines
c. surveilence
d. all the above
c.
which of the glia cells can be glia or neurons?
a. ependymal
b. microglia
c. astrocytes
d. oligodentrocytes
a.
where can you find ependymal cells?
they line the fluid filled cavities of the CNS
which of the glial cells contribute to the production of cerebrospinal fluid?
a. ependymal
b. microglia
c. astrocytes
d. oligodentrocytes
a.
what is the purpose of the cerebrospinal fluid?
a. produce immune cells for the brain specifically
b. absorb shock for the brain and spinal cord
c. contribute to signal speed in the CNS
d. prevent waste and nutrients from contacting the CNS
b.
neurons are amitotic which means
a. they dont divide
b. they are never in direct contact with another neuron
c. they are seperate from the neurons in the spinal cord
d. a and b
a.
what type of cells cause brain tumors?
glial cells
list the parts of the brain from least to most specialized
brain stem, cerebellum, hypothalamus, thalamus, basal nuclei, cerebra cortex
draw the brain and identify the location of all the regions
weeks 6 slide 19
for each of the following label which brain structure performs the function
a. voluntary movement
b. sensory perception
c. position of the body
d. procedural learning/habit
e. homeostasis
f. life-sustaining functions
g. high level sensation
h. intellect
i. vegatative functions
a. CC
b. T
c. C
d.Basal nuclei
e. H
f. Brain stem
g. CC
h. CC
i. Brain stem
The cerebral cortex is made of 50/50 gray to white matter
true/false
true
This consists of densly packed neuronal cell bodies, thier dendrites, and most glial cells.
a. corpus callamus
b. grey matter
c. white matter
d. a and b
b
define white matter in the cerebral cortex
bundles of mylinated nerve fibers (axons) the compose the inner cerebral cortex
what structure connects the 2 halfs of the cerebral cortex
a. occipital lobe
b. sagittal corus
c. corpus callsum
d. axons
c
What are the 4 major lobes of the cerebral cortex?
- occipital
- temporal
- parietal
- frontal
label which function belongs to which cerebral cortex lobe
a. voluntary motor activity
b. Speech
c. Auditory input
d. Processing visual input
e. Elaboration of thought
f. Sensory input
a. F
b. F
c. T
d. O
e. F
f. P
draw and label each lobe of the cerebral cortex
week 6 slide 22
what are the two regions of the parietal lobe?
- primary motor cortex
- somatosensory cortex
the primary motor cortex control….
a. involuntary movement.
b. Voluntary movement.
c. Sensation
d. propiosensation
b.
which leg moves when the left motor cortex sends a signal?
the right leg
the somatosensory cortex controls…
a. involuntary movement.
b. Voluntary movement.
c. Sensation
d. propiosensation
c
the somatosensory cortex is also the site for initial proprioseption
true/false
T
what are the two primary functions of the spinal cord?
- serves as a link for transmission of information between the brain and the peripheral nervous system.
- Integrating reflex activity between the afferent and the efferent neurons.
in the spinal cord, the gray matter is in the inner region
true/false
T
The definitions for gray/white matter are the same for the definitions of the gray/white matter in the brain and spinal cord.
true/false
True
white matter in the spinal cord is organized into
acending/decending tracts specific to the CNS
acending neurons take information (—–) the brain
toward
decending neurons take information (——–) the brain
from
acending neurons are …
a. afferent input
b. sensory input
c. efferent input
d. a and b
A
decending neurons are…..
a. afferent input
b. motor input
c. efferent input
d. b and c
d
answer question 127 in the notebook
afferent neurons connect to the spinal cord through (——-)
the dorsal root of the spinal cord
efferent neurons connect to the spinal cord through (———)
the ventral root
spinal nerves contain both afferent and efferent nerves
true/false
T
Describe the dorsal horn, lateral horn, and ventral horn.
All of the above are within the spine. Dorsal Horn:where the afferent neuron terminates and cell body of interneuron. Lateral Horn: where the cell body of efferent autonomic nerve is
Ventral Horn: where the cell body of the efferent somatic nerve is
