Chapter 12 - Body Defenses Flashcards
Which of the following is not a role of the immune system?
A. Identify and destroy abnormal cells
B. Defend against invading pathogens
C. Transport, important ions to damaged cells
D. Remove worn out cells
E. Removed damaged tissue
C
A non-antibody immune chemical that stimulates a specific immune response is known as
A. Chemokines
B. Cytokines.
C. Edema
D. Hormones.
E. Plasminogen
B
Nonspecific responses to tissue injury or foreign invasion is called
A. Hemostasis.
B. PAMPS.
C. Phagocytosis.
D. Diapedes
E. Inflammation.
E
What are two types of immunity?
Innate and adaptive
A histamine is a
A. Inflation chemical.
B. Chemokine
C. Vasodilator.
D. Fibrin
E. A and C
E
what is an interstitial clot?
A. A clot of the cells.
B. A clot of the tissue.
C. A clot between cells and tissue.
D. A clot between two cells.
E. A clot between two tissues.
C
Leukocytes leave the blood to get to damaged areas through (———)
A. Gaps.
B. Phagocytosis.
C. Complement pathway.
D. Thromboposis
E. Diapedesis
E
walk through all seven steps of inflammation
- Resident macrophages secrete cytokines and chemokine
- Local vasodilatation induces by histamines release from mast cells
- Histamines increase the capillary permeability which allows plasma proteins into effected area
- fibrin forms an interstitial clot that walls off the inflamed area to control spread of pathogens
- Leukocytes arrive (neutrophils then monocytes)
- Neutrophils and macrophages phagocytos debri
- Wound healing and tissue repair
What is released by virus infected cells to inhibit viral multiplication in other cells?
A. Cytokines.
B. Fibrinogen.
C. Natural killer cells.
D. Interferons
E. PAMPS.
F. DAMPS
D
draw how interferons work
Question 260
When a virus enters a cell the cell will display a viral antigen and a self antigen. CD8 cells will detect this and bind to the virus invected cell. The CD8 cell will then secrete chemicals that will destroy the cell before the virus can replicate.
How do natural killer T cells work?
They secrete chemicals that lyse membrane
Lymphocyte-like cells that nonspecifically destroy virus infected cells
A. Macrophage.
B. Natural killer cells.
C. Lysazomes
D. Interferon
E. Platelets.
B
What is a complementary pathway?
A pathway that directly destroys foreign invaders by lysing membranes
Label whether each mechanism is adaptive or innate immunity
1. Inflammation.
2. Complementary pathway.
3. Interferon
4. Natural killer cells.
5. B lymphocyte.
6. Cell mediated.
- I
- I
- A
- I
- A
- A
The adaptive immune response works by responding to
A. Antigens.
B. Antibodies.
C. Pathogens.
D. Viruses.
E. Toxins.
F. Parasites.
A
Label whether each is a characteristic of humoral or cell mediated immunity or both
1. Forms of memory cells.
2. Is antibody mediated.
3. Is T lymphocyte mediated
4. Is short-lived.
5. Is long lived.
6. Matures in thymus.
7. Produced by B lymphocytes.
8. Matures in bone marrow.
9. Directly destroys target
10. Recognize foreign materials
11. Recognizes bad us cells.
- B
- H
- C
- H
- C
- C
- H
- H
- C
- H
- C
draw the structure of antibodies
Week 8 slide 11
Antibodies directly destroy foreign material
True/false
false
When B cells bind to an antigen, they differentiate into (————)
Plasma cells and B-memory cells
Why are plasma cells and B-memory cells useful for humoral immunity?
Plasma cells produce antibodies
Antibodies can physically hinder antigens via (__________)
Neutralization/Aggulation
Define neutralization
When antibodies combine with bacterial toxins or viruses to stop them from touching a cell
It is called (__________) when multiple antibodies cross link with multiple antigens into a large complex that precipitates out of blood
A. Neutralization.
B. Phagocytosis.
C. Inflammation.
D. Perferin
E. Aggulation
e
The humoral system _________ the innate response
Amplifies
