Chapter 9 ) Bio Flashcards
What does the xylem transport
It transports water
What does phelom transport
It transports sugars
What does the guard cells do
Guard cell help close and open the door for things to get in/ out
what does the epidermal cell do
its the protective layer on the leaf
what does the vascular tissue do
transports fluid through leaf ( water phloem xylem
what does the spongy tissue do
interchange of gases (CO 2)
what does the palisade tissues do
cells that are tightly packed / narrow to improve efficiency preform photoscythisis
what does the stomata do
it is the small opening on epidermal layer that allows gasses to enter / exit
what gas goes in the cell and out of the cell
carbon dioxide goes in and oxygen goes out
what are small indications in the bark on a tree called
lenticels and they lead for exchange of gasses (co2 and o2)
what are the 2 types of xylem transportation
push and pull
what are the 2 water properties in transportation
adhesion and cohesion
what does adhesion mean
water attracted to another substance
what does cohesion mean
water attracted to water
how does push xylem transport work
-pressure in root pushes water
-active transport brings in minerals and sap increases
-water goes to concentration by osmosis
-water makes root have pressure
how does pull xylem transport work
-water vapor exits leaf leaving dryness
-water diffuses out of cell into fluid between cells
-cohesive forces between water cause more water to be pulled up
how does phloem sugar transport work
- sugar / other minerals enter from active transport
-concentration increases so water enters to even it
-cells get pressure and swell pholem sap
-fluid pressure forces sap through pores
what direction does phloem sap flow
down concentration gradient
how do guard cells regulate the opening
by tuger pressure ( water pressure)
what do the stomata and guard cell have as a main function
they can do gas exchange
what are reactants of photosynthesis
carbon dioxide and water
how can guard cells open the cell (each step)
active transport to move in which result
Water moves in by osmosis
which results in the guard cell swelling and opening the stomata.
The loss of water through stomata and lenticels is known as
transpiration
In xylem pull transport what causes the pull
transpiration pull caused by evaporation of water from leaves
if the tip of a plant is covered with an opaque cap and there’s light on one side what will happen
it will grow straight up
what is positive gravitropism
it is when the root of the plant is growing in the direction of gravity
what does the cuticle do
it protects the cell against drought and traps water inside
where are both the xylem and phloem on the leaf cell
they are both in the vascular bundles (phloem bottom, xylem top)
what did darwins experiment conclude/ what was it
he concluded plants lead to light
4 plants, one cut leaves, one had foil over top, one had foil around it and one had nothing
