chapter 8 overview Flashcards
what is the cell membrane’s structure called?
phospholipid bilayer
what is the phospholipid
is formed out of hydrophobic heads and hydrophilic tales
what is fluid mosaic and what are the types of molecules included
fluid mosaic helps with constant flow (phospholipids, cholesterols, proteins)
what are its main functions
transportation
identification
transmitting
what is passive transport
it is the movement of particles moved without ATP/ energy
what are the 3 types of passive movement
-diffusion
-facilitated diffusion
-osmosis
what is facilitated diffusion
the particles that need help with transporting proteins to get across the membrane
what are the 2 transporting proteins
- channel proteins
-carrier proteins
what do channel proteins have / the process
have tunnels / pores so the particles can go through
what do carrier proteins have/ the process?
have 3d shape so only some can fit when right ones enter it changes shape to let in
what is the cell membrane’s structure called?
phospholipid bilayer
what is osmosis
it is the solutes moving to the side with the higher solute concentration with water
what are the 3 types of osmosis transportation
-hypotonic
-hypertonic
-isotonic
what is hypotonic
loses water and has more solutes inside the cell
what is hypertonic
gains water and higher solute outside of the cell
what is isotonic
no gain/loss same concentration on both sides
what is active transportation
uses energy to transfer cells with ATP
works against concentration gradient
what is endocytosis
it takes cells that can’t be moved by passive or active transportation
how does endocytosis work
it forms pocket then encloses to form vesicle / vacuole
what is exocytosis
it gets rid of waste / excrete hormones
endocytosis can also help bring food in what does the phagocytosis do
it eats/takes in larger substances
endocytosis can also help bring food in what does the pinocytosis do
it drinks/takes in fluid
whats the role of the receptor
it triggers endocytosis when it finds something to transport
what are the three osmosis solutions?
hypotonic
hypertonic
isotonic
what do carbs do for the cell membrane
provide protection and help recognize cells
what is semipermiable memberane stand for
only somethings can pass like solvents such as water
what does permeable stand for
it lets solvents and solutes pass-through
what does impermeable stand for
no substance can pass
what would happen if a cell were hypertonic
shrivel up and if it were hypo it would swell up
what process occurs when cells are moving past phospholipid bilayer
they go across by using diffusion from high concentration to low till equallibrium
Fluid-Mosaic Model
The phospholipid membrane changes the pattern of proteins
The membranes also move in a fluid motion.
Brownian Motion
random movement of particles in the air or liquid.
only letting some go through the membrane
selective transport
what type of passive transport goes from high to low
diffusion
