chapter 8 overview

Question 1

what is the cell membrane’s structure called?

Answer 1

phospholipid bilayer

Question 2

what is the phospholipid

Answer 2

is formed out of hydrophobic heads and hydrophilic tales

Question 3

what is fluid mosaic and what are the types of molecules included

Answer 3

fluid mosaic helps with constant flow (phospholipids, cholesterols, proteins)

Question 4

what are its main functions

Answer 4

transportation
identification
transmitting

Question 5

what is passive transport

Answer 5

it is the movement of particles moved without ATP/ energy

Question 6

what are the 3 types of passive movement

Answer 6

-diffusion
-facilitated diffusion
-osmosis

Question 7

what is facilitated diffusion

Answer 7

the particles that need help with transporting proteins to get across the membrane

Question 8

what are the 2 transporting proteins

Answer 8

• channel proteins
  -carrier proteins

Question 9

what do channel proteins have / the process

Answer 9

have tunnels / pores so the particles can go through

Question 10

what do carrier proteins have/ the process?

Answer 10

have 3d shape so only some can fit when right ones enter it changes shape to let in

Question 11

what is the cell membrane’s structure called?

Answer 11

phospholipid bilayer

Question 12

what is osmosis

Answer 12

it is the solutes moving to the side with the higher solute concentration with water

Question 13

what are the 3 types of osmosis transportation

Answer 13

-hypotonic
-hypertonic
-isotonic

Question 14

what is hypotonic

Answer 14

loses water and has more solutes inside the cell

Question 15

what is hypertonic

Answer 15

gains water and higher solute outside of the cell

Question 16

what is isotonic

Answer 16

no gain/loss same concentration on both sides

Question 17

what is active transportation

Answer 17

uses energy to transfer cells with ATP

works against concentration gradient

Question 18

what is endocytosis

Answer 18

it takes cells that can’t be moved by passive or active transportation

Question 19

how does endocytosis work

Answer 19

it forms pocket then encloses to form vesicle / vacuole

Question 20

what is exocytosis

Answer 20

it gets rid of waste / excrete hormones

Question 21

endocytosis can also help bring food in what does the phagocytosis do

Answer 21

it eats/takes in larger substances

Question 22

endocytosis can also help bring food in what does the pinocytosis do

Answer 22

it drinks/takes in fluid

Question 23

whats the role of the receptor

Answer 23

it triggers endocytosis when it finds something to transport

Question 24

what are the three osmosis solutions?

Answer 24

hypotonic
hypertonic
isotonic

Question 25

what do carbs do for the cell membrane

Answer 25

provide protection and help recognize cells

Question 26

what is semipermiable memberane stand for

Answer 26

only somethings can pass like solvents such as water

Question 27

what does permeable stand for

Answer 27

it lets solvents and solutes pass-through

Question 28

what does impermeable stand for

Answer 28

no substance can pass

Question 29

what would happen if a cell were hypertonic

Answer 29

shrivel up and if it were hypo it would swell up

Question 30

what process occurs when cells are moving past phospholipid bilayer

Answer 30

they go across by using diffusion from high concentration to low till equallibrium

Question 31

Fluid-Mosaic Model

Answer 31

The phospholipid membrane changes the pattern of proteins The membranes also move in a fluid motion.

Question 32

Brownian Motion

Answer 32

random movement of particles in the air or liquid.

Question 33

only letting some go through the membrane

Answer 33

selective transport

Question 34

what type of passive transport goes from high to low

Answer 34

diffusion