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Anatomy > Chapter 9: Articulations > Flashcards

Chapter 9: Articulations Flashcards

1
Q

synarthroses

A

immovable

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2
Q

amphiarthroses

A

slightly movable

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3
Q

***diarthroses

A

freely movable

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4
Q

joined by dense, regular connective tissue fibers
no joint cavity
immovable

A

fibrous joint

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5
Q

connected by cartilage

immovable, slightly movable

A

cartilaginous joints

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6
Q

bone ends separated by joint cavity containing synovial fluid
freely movable

A

synovial joints

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7
Q

peg-in-socket

teeth roots

A

gomphoses

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8
Q

lines-skull bones

A

sutures

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9
Q

bones connected by long fibers

interosseus membrane

A

syndesmoses

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10
Q

epiphyseal plate
immovable
found in rib 1 to sternum
a piece of immovable cartilage

A

synchondroses

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11
Q

fibrocartilage pad
intervertebral discs
pubic symphyses

A

symphyses

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12
Q

For synovial joints- articular cartilage (hyaline)

A

covering articulating surface cushion, absorb shock and reduces friction

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13
Q

For synovial joints- joint cavity

A

filled with synovial fluid

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14
Q

For synovial joints- articular capsule (fibrous capsule, synovial membrane)

A

(syn. mem.) produces fluid

(fib. cap.) dense irregular intertwine with periosteum

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15
Q

For synovial joints- synovial fluid (lubricant, nourishes, absorbs shock)

A

3ml
glycoproteins-fibroblast produced
“raw egg whites” slippery-low friction

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16
Q

For synovial joints- reinforcing ligaments

A

extra (outside) or intracapsular (inside)

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17
Q

For synovial joints- nerve and blood vessels

A

high amount
monitor joint position (damage-pain-fix)
capillary beds-fluid and ingred.

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18
Q

Bursa sack wrapped around tendons

lined with synovial membrane-absorbs shock and decreases friction

A

bursae-tendon sheaths

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19
Q

(adipose tissue)

filler cushion

A

fat pads

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20
Q

ties muscles to bones

dense regular fibrous connective tissue

A

tendons

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21
Q

ties bones to bones

dense regular fibrous connective tissue

A

ligaments

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22
Q

wrist bone (referring to synovial joints)

A

planar (gliding) joint

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23
Q

elbow cylindrical end of one bone fits into a trough of another bone

A

hinge joint

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24
Q

atlas/axis radioulna-allows head to shake

A

pivot joint

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25
Q

knuckles

egg shaped into oval cavity

A

condyloid joint

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26
Q

convex fits into concave

A

saddle joint

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27
Q

most movable
spherical head into rounded socket
first carpometacarpal joints

A

ball-and-socket joint

28
Q

What are the movements allowed by synovial joints?

A 
gliding 
angular
-abduction
-adduction
-flexion
-extension
-hyperextension
-lateral flexion
**-circumduction
rotation
special movements
-depression/elevation
-dorsiflexion/plantar flexion
-eversion/inversion
-supination/pronation
-protraction/ retraction
-opposition
29
Q

1 flat surface moving over another
bone over another bone
ex: tarsals and carpals

A

gliding

30
Q

move away from midline

A

abduction

31
Q

move toward midline

A

adduction

32
Q

decrease the ange of the joint

A

flexion

33
Q

incerease the angle of the joint

A

extension

34
Q

beyond anatomical position

A

hyper extension

35
Q

side

A

lateral flexion

36
Q

rotation-take a limb move so the distal ends makes a circular movement

A

***circumduction

37
Q

movement of a bone around its own long axis (atlas/axis)

A

rotation

38
Q

move inferiorly

ex:chewing

A

depression

39
Q

move a body part superiorly

ex:chewing

A

elevation

40
Q

pull foot upwards

A

dorsiflexion

41
Q

points toes outward

A

plantar flexion

42
Q

pull anteriorly

ex:jaw

A

protraction

43
Q

pull posteriorly

ex: jaw

A

retraction

44
Q

turn the sole laterally

A

eversion

45
Q

turn the sole medially

A

inversion

46
Q

palm forward/upward

A

supination

47
Q

palm posterior/downward

A

pronation

48
Q

move the thumb to touch other finger tips

A

opposition

49
Q

what does collateral mean?

A

on the sides

50
Q

femur and tibia are included
hinge joint with some rotation
no single unified capsule or synovial cavity
medial meniscus and lateral meniscus (fibrocartilage pads)
fat pads
seven major ligaments
12 bursae

A

knee joint

51
Q

Name the 7 major ligaments of the knee.

A 
patellar ligament
tibial collateral ligament
**fibular collateral ligament
2 popliteal ligaments
anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments (2)
52
Q

support anterior surface of the knee

A

patellar ligament

53
Q

supports medial surface of the knee

A

tibial collateral ligament

54
Q

supports lateral surface of the knee

A

fibular collateral ligament

55
Q

oblique and articulate (on knee)

A

2 popliteal ligaments

56
Q

intracapsular
flexion
no hyper extenson
on knee

A

anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments

57
Q

ligaments are stretched or torn (knee/ankle)

poorly vasculated: heals slowly

A

sprain

58
Q

bones of joint are forced out of alignment

A

dislocation (luxation)

59
Q

torn menisci

A

torn cartilage

60
Q

inflamation of a bursa

A

bursitis

61
Q

inflamation of tendon sheath

A

tendonitis

62
Q

inflamation or degeneration of a joint over 100 different types
joint damage

A

arthritis

63
Q

half of cases

artheritis on bone

A

osteoarthritis

64
Q

chronic inflammatory response
synovial membrane
1% of population
autoimmune disease

A

rheumatoid arthritis

65
Q

uric acid
(waste from nucleic acid matabolism)
precipitates as solid crystals

A

gouty arthritis

66
Q

bacteria

spirochetes-ticks which lived: on a deer bite

A

lyme disease

Anatomy (11 decks)

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