Chapter 7: Vertebral Column Flashcards
What are the 5 vertebrae and how many parts are they or bones are fused?
Cervical (C1-C7) Thoracic (T1-T12) Lumbar (L1-L5) Sacrum (5 Fused) Coccyx (4 Fused)
How many bones make up the vertebral column?
26 Bones
What are the two intervertebral discs (Fibrocartilage Pads)? According to the structure of the Vertebrae.
Annulus Fibrosus
Nucleus Pulposes
Cervical Vertebrae ( C3-C7) are?
- small, light
- body broader laterally than anteroposteriorly
- spinous process
- short process short and split
* **5. traverse foramen in the transverse process - C7 not split, vertebra prominens
What is the cervical bone, that is at the back of a neck called?-The first felt.
C-7
What bone cervical bone holds up the skull?
Atlas (C-1)
What are the features of the atlas?
No body No spinous process Anterior/ Posterior vertebral arches Lateral mass Shakes head "yes"
What is the c-2 called? What are its features?
Axis- odontoid process or dens
Shakes head “no”
The thoracic vertebrae points downward. What are its other features?
- articulate with ribs
- heart-shaped body
- demifacets
- vertebral foramen is circular
* **5. long inferior-pointing spinous process - transverse process have facets (except 11-12)
The lumbar vertebrae is considered “the big drum”. What are its other features?
- massive bodies
* *2. short, thick pedicles and laminae - spinous process short, flat, hatchet-shaped
- vertebral foramen triangular
What are the features of the sacrum?
superior articular processes ala transverse lines sacral foramina (There are 4) median sacral crest sacral canal sacral hiatus fuses at around 26 years of age
What are the features of the coccyx?
3-5 fused bones
useless-doesn’t tie to ANYTHING
“tail bone”
Bird’s Beak “useless”
Lumbar region- high #
Nucleus pulp. has broken out the ann. fib.
Herniated disc
Abnormal curvatures of the spine are?
Scoliosis
Kyphosis
Lordosis
- lateral side
- common in females 10-12
- abnormal lateral curvature
Scoliosis
- common in elderly women
- “hunch back”
- thoracic
Kyphosis
- sway back
- common in pregnant women (when the circumference is greater than the height)
- lumbar
- the ‘s’
- abnormal region pulled more forward than normal
Lordosis
On the sternum, what is the most superior region, that has a clavicular notch called?
Manubrium
On the sternum, what is the middle region that is the attachment for the ribs, directly and indirectly, called?
Body
On the sternum, what is the most inferior region at the end of the body is called?
Xiphoid Process
What are the ribs (1-7) that connect directly to the sternum called?
True Ribs
What are the ribs (8-12) that are not attached to anything called?
False Ribs
What is costal cartilage?
rib cartilage -the white part that connects the sternum to the ribs.
On the ribs:
depression/inferior blood vessels and nerves
is called?
Costal Groove
