Ch. 23: Vessels and Circulation Flashcards
Carry blood away from heart, thick muscular wall
Arteries
Work site, difussion and filtration
Capillaries
return blood to hear, thin walls, no elastic, one-way valves
Veins
Describe the circulation process beginning with the heart and ending with the hear (order)
heart-arteries-arterioles-capillaries-venules-veins-heart
Inner space of a blood vessel is?
Lumen
Simple squamous, inner layer of a blood vessel
tunica intima (tunica interna)
Smooth muscle, contraction leads to vasoconstriction (low diameter of lumen), relaxation results in vasodilation (high diameter of lumen), middle layer of blood vessel (Thickest)
Tunica media
Most outer layer of blood vessel, for protection, strength, ties vessels to other organs
tunic adventitia (Tunica externa)
Small blood vessels in the wall of larger blood vessels
Vasa vasorum
Pulmonary circulation order:
right ventricle pulmonary trunk r and l pulmonary arteries lungs lobar arteries lung lobes pulmonary capillaries venules pulmonary veins left atrium
Systemic circulation order
Left ventricle aorta ascending aorta aortic arch brachiocephalic artery right common carotid and right subclavian arteries left common carotid artery left subclavian artery descending thoracic aorta descending abdominal aorta
Which artery supplies blood to most parts of head and neck
Common carotid artery
Branches of subclavian arteries are
vertebral arteries and cerebral arterial circle
Arteries of the thorax are?
subclavian arteries
internal thoracic arteries
descending thoracic aorta
Arteries of the upper limb include:
subclavian arteries axillary arteries brachial arteries radial arteries ulnar arteries palmar arches
Arteries of the abdomen include:
Abdominal aorta Celiac trunk renal arteries gonadal arteries common iliac arteries
What is the celiac trunk composed of?
Splenic, hepatic, and gastric
Arteries of the lower limbs and pelvis include:
common iliac arteries internal iliac arteries external iliac arteries femoral arteries popliteal arteries anterior tibial arteries posterior tibial arteries plantar arteries
Veins of the head and neck
superior vena cava brachiocephalic veins internal jugular veins subclavian veins external jugular veins vertebral veins
veins of the thorax
Superior vena cava
Azygos vein
drain thoracic cavity
Veins of the upper limbs
subclavian veins axillary veins brachial veins radial veins ulnar veins palmar venous arches medial cubital veins basiclic veins
Veins of the abdomen
inferior vena cava renal veins gonadal vein hepatic vein hepatic portal system
veins of the pelvis and lower limbs
common iliac vein internal iliac veins external iliac veins femoral veins great saphenous veins popliteal veins anterior tibial veins posterior tibial veins
Right atrium receives blood from systemic circuit, some blood goes to left atrium via foramen ovale in the interatrial septum
Fetal circulation
ductus arteriosum turns into, as an adult?
ligamentum arteriosus
Fetal circulation order
abdominal aorta common iliac arteries umbilical arteries placenta umbilical vein inferior vena cava right atrium
warning!! pressure in chest, tired and winded from small activities
angina pectoris
heart attack; tissue w/out O2
myocaridial infarction
smooth muscle degeneration, becomes fibrous tissue, elasticity gone
arteriosclerosis
harden plaque
atherosclerosis
blood clots
vericose veins
weakening in wall, ruptures
aneurysm
Blood Pathway (order)
- sup inf vena cava
- r. atrium
- tricuspid
- r. ventricle
- pul. semilunar valves
- pul. arteries
- lungs
- pulm. veins
- L. atrium
- bicuspid
- L. ventricle
- Aortic semilunar valves
- aorta
- arteries
15 arterioles - capillaries
- venules
- veins
