Chapter 9 Adrenal Glands

Question 1

Who discovered what stress does to the body?

Answer 1

Han Selye

Question 2

What are the three stages to stress adaptation?

Answer 2

Alarm stage, Resistance stage, and Exhaustion stage

Question 3

What does the Zona Glomerulosa (cortex) do?

Answer 3

Produces hormones

Question 4

What hormone does the Zona Glomerulosa produce?

Answer 4

Aldosterone

Question 5

What does aldosterone do?

Answer 5

It’s responsible for long term blood pressure.

Question 6

What is Aldosterone?

Answer 6

A mineralocorticoid

Question 7

What is the function of the Zona Glomerulosa?

Answer 7

Renal reabsorption of sodium and excretion of hydrogen and potassium ions

Question 8

Where are glucocorticoids produced?

Answer 8

Zona Fasciculate

Question 9

What is the primary function of glucocorticoids?

Answer 9

Metabolism of glucose

Question 10

Cortisol and Corticosterone are examples of what?

Answer 10

glucocorticoids

Question 11

What two hormones are produced in the Zona Reticularis?

Answer 11

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 12

What does Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) do?

Answer 12

Regulates adrenal androgen

Question 13

What hormones are secreted in the inner medulla of the adrenal gland?

Answer 13

epinephrine (epinephrine) and noepinephrine (noradrenaline)

Question 14

Epinephrine and no epinephrine are what?

Answer 14

Catecholamines

Question 15

What is the site of synthesis for no epinephrine and epinephrine?

Answer 15

adrenal medulla

Question 16

What does noepinephrine do?

Answer 16

It affects post sympathetic ganglions - neurons affecting the heart- causing constriction of blood vessels when pressure drops

Question 17

What does epinephrine do?

Answer 17

increases blood pressure, dilates vessels in the skeletal muscles and liver.

Question 18

What is epinephrine?

Answer 18

a neurotransmitter

Question 19

Hyposecretion of the adrenal gland is known as?

Answer 19

Addison’s Disease

Question 20

Hypersecretion of the adrenal gland is known as?

Answer 20

Cushing’s Syndrome

Question 21

In Addison’s Disease the adrenals produce too little:

Answer 21

Cortisol, aldosterone, and causes adrenal insufficiency

Question 22

Muscle weakness, fatigue, weight loss, decreased appetite, salt craving, muscle or joint pain, body hair loss, sexual dysfunction and hyperpigmentation (darkening areas of skin) are signs and symptoms of what?

Answer 22

Addison’s Disease

Question 23

What do androgens do?

Answer 23

Libido and a sense of well being in men and women

Question 24

What occurs in Primary Adrenal Insufficiency?

Answer 24

The adrenal cortex is damaged

Question 25

What occurs in Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency?

Answer 25

Pituitary gland is diseased

Question 26

What is used as a treatment for Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency?

Answer 26

Corticosteroids

Question 27

What chronic condition can occur due to secondary adrenal insufficiency?

Answer 27

Asthma

Question 28

What is Cushing’s Disease?

Answer 28

Too much hormone is being secreted

Question 29

In Cushings Disease the adrenal gland is producing too much of what hormone?

Answer 29

Cortisol

Question 30

thinning of skin, bruising, high blood pressure, puffy face (moon face), and buffalo hump (back of neck and shoulders) are symptoms of what?

Answer 30

Cushing’s disease