Chapter 8 Calcitonin and Parathyroid Gland Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary function of calcitonin?

A

Decrease plasma calcium and decrease osteoclast cell synthesis and activity

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2
Q

What is the secondary function of calcitonin?

A

Decrease pain

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3
Q

It secretes “C” cells of the thyroid (some thymus and parathyroid), lowers calcium and phosphate in plasma, and inhibits bone reabsorption

A

Calcitonin

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4
Q

This can be used as an osteoporosis treatment if the patient has adverse reactions to biphosponates and can be used for osteitis (Paget’s disease)

A

Calcitonin

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5
Q

What is Paget’s Disease Osteitis?

A

Disorder of the normal bone remodeling

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6
Q

Where is the site of synthesis of the parathyroid hormone?

A

Dark chief cells of the para thyroid gland

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7
Q

What does parathyroid hormone do?

A

Maintains calcium and phosphorus in plasma

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8
Q

What hormone stimulates growth, increases 100% Vitamin D synthesis, and increases plasma calcium

A

Parathyroid hormone (primary functions)

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9
Q

What is the most powerful hormone to increase plasma calcium?

A

Parathyroid hormone

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10
Q

What are the big 4?

A

Increase metabolism, Increase plasma glucose, Increase blood pressure, and increase immune response

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11
Q

What are the secondary functions of the parathyroid hormone?

A

The big 4 (Increase metabolism, Increase plasma glucose, Increase blood pressure, and increase immune response)

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12
Q

Where is the site of synthesis of Vitamin D?

A

Liver 25-(OH)- D3 and Kidney - all 100% forms (active)

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13
Q

What is the chemical class of Vitamin D?

A

Seco-steroid

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14
Q

Vitamin D Synthesis

A

Hydroxylated in the liver 25(OH)D3-(25 - hydroxcholecalciferol) —> kidney 1,25(OH)2D3

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15
Q

What regulates Vitamin D in the kidney?

A

I-alpha-hydroxylase

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16
Q

What is the major control of I-alpha-hydroxylase?

A

Parathyroid hormone

17
Q

What is the primary function of Vitamin D?

A

Increase linear height and increase plasma calcium

18
Q

What is the secondary function of Vitamin D?

A

Stimulate integumentary system (skin and hair)

19
Q

What controls the secretion of Vitamin D?

A

Plasma calcium and sunlight

20
Q

What are the causes of Vitamin D deficiencies?

A

Sun shunning and strict vegetarian diet

21
Q

Vitamin D deficiency is known as what?

A

Rickets

22
Q

Increase risk of cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment, severe asthma in children, and some cancers are symptoms of what?

A

Rickets