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Chemistry > Chapter 9: Acids and Bases > Flashcards

Chapter 9: Acids and Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

What is acids?

A

A substance that produces hydrogen ions, H+, when dissolved in water

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2
Q

What are the 3 important acids?

A
  1. Hydrochloric acid, HCl
  2. Sulfuric acid, H₂SO₄
  3. Nitric acid, HNO₃
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3
Q

Physical Properties of Acids

A
  1. A sour taste
  2. Turns blue litmus paper red
  3. Can conduct electricity
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4
Q

Acid + metal –> ?

A

Acid + metal –> salt + hydrogen gas

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5
Q

Acid + carbonate –> ?

A

Acid + carbonate –> salt + carbon dioxide + water

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6
Q

Acid + base –> ?

A

Acid + base –> salt + water

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7
Q

Test for hydrogen

A

Lighted splint extinguishes with a ‘pop’ sound

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8
Q

Test for carbon dioxide

A

Limewater turns cloudy

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9
Q

What is a base?

A

A metal oxide or a metal hydroxide that reacts with an acid to produce a salt and water only

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10
Q

What is an alkali?

A

A soluble base which produces hydroxide ions, OH-, when dissolved in water

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11
Q

What are the 3 important alkalis?

A
  1. Sodium hydroxide, NaOH
  2. Potassium hydroxide, KOH
  3. Calcium hydroxide (limewater), Ca(OH)₂
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12
Q

Physical properties of Alkalis

A
  1. Feels soapy
  2. A bitter taste
  3. Turns red litmus paper blue
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13
Q

Alkali + acid –> ?

A

Alkali + acid –> salt + water

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14
Q

What reaction does Alkali + acid give?

A

Neutralization

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15
Q

Alkali + ammonium salt –> ?

A

Alkali + ammonium salt –> salt + water + ammonia gas

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16
Q

Test for ammonia gas

A

Turns red litmus paper blue

17
Q

Bases which are used to reduce acidity of soils

A
  1. Calcium hydroxide
  2. Calcium oxide
18
Q

The Universal Indicator solution: original color

A

Green

19
Q

Range for acidic and alkaline

A

(Strong acid) 0-6 (Weak acid)
(Weak alkali) 8-14 (Strong alkali)

20
Q

What is an oxide?

A

A compound that oxygen and another element only

21
Q

Metallic oxides: Basic

A

Reacts with acids only:
Metal oxides except ZAL

22
Q

Metallic oxides: Amphoteric

A

Reacts with acids and bases:
Only Zinc oxide, Lead(II) oxide, Aluminum oxide

(ZAL)

23
Q

Metallic oxides: Acidic

A

Reacts with bases only:
dioxide and trioxides

24
Q

Metallic oxides: Neutral

A

Do not react with acids and bases: Monoxides

Chemistry (13 decks)

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