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Chemistry > Chapter 11: Metals > Flashcards

Chapter 11: Metals Flashcards

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1
Q

Physical properties of all metals:

A
  1. Good conductors of electricity
  2. Good conductors of heat
  3. Malleable (can be made into shapes without breaking)
  4. Ductile (can be made into wires)
    Except for Group I metals (Sodium, Potassium):
  5. High densities
  6. High melting points
  7. High boiling points
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2
Q

What is an alloy?

A

An alloy is a mixture of a metal with one or few other elements

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3
Q

Common alloys

A

Steel = iron+carbon
Brass = copper+zinc
Bronze = copper+tin

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4
Q

Explain why brass is harder than pure copper

A

Brass is harder than pure copper because the different sized zinc atoms disrupt the orderly arrangement of copper atoms. The layers of atoms cannot slide hence brass is harder than copper

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5
Q

Reactivity series

A

Most reactive to least reactive:
Potassium (Please)
Sodium (Stop)
Calcium (Calling)
Magnesium (Me)
Aluminium (A)
Carbon (Cute)
Zinc (Zebra)
Iron (I)
Lead (Left)
Hydrogen (House)
Copper (Calling)
Silver (Someone)
Gold (Giraffe)

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6
Q

Extraction of metals: Electrolysis of molten ore

A

Potassium
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Carbon

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7
Q

Extraction of metals: Chemical reduction of ore using carbon

A

Zinc
Iron
Lead
Hydrogen
Copper

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8
Q

Extraction of metals: Found naturally uncombined

A

Silver
Gold

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9
Q

Extraction of iron in blast furnace: Haematite

A

Iron(III) oxide, Fe₂O₃

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10
Q

Extraction of iron in blast furnace: Coke

A

Carbon, C

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11
Q

Extraction of iron in blast furnace: Limestone

A

Calcium carbonate, CaCO₃

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12
Q

Extraction of iron in blast furnace: Sand

A

Silicon dioxide, SiO2

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13
Q

Extraction of iron in blast furnace: Slag

A

Calcium silicate, CaSIO3

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14
Q

Raw materials: - Products

A
  1. Haematite - Waste gases
  2. Coke - Slag
  3. Limestone - Molten iron
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15
Q

Carbon monoxide + Iron(III) oxide –> ?

A

Carbon monoxide + Iron(III) oxide –> iron + carbon dioxide

3CO (g) + Fe₂O₃ –> 2Fe + 3CO₂

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16
Q

What is rusting?

A

Rusting is the oxidation of iron in the prescence of oxygen to form iron(III) oxide

17
Q

Methods to prevent rusting

A
  1. Painting
  2. Oiling
  3. Galvanising (zinc plating)

Chemistry (13 decks)

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